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Define: Andrenarche
Premature dev't of pubic hair
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amenorrhea
- Absence / cessation of
- menstruation
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gonadotropins
- Hormones (FSH/LH)
- released by pituitary gland; responsible for stimulating gonads (ovaries)
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- Blood accumulated in
- vagina
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HEMATOMETRA
- Blood accumulates in
- uterus
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- Watery-mucoid fluid
- accumulation in vagina
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- Watery-mucoid fluid
- accumulation in uterus
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- Abnormal/incomplete
- embryologic dev’t
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- Menstruate/develop
- breasts prematurely. ?ovarian
- tumor
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- 2° sexual characteristics develop; reproduction
- possible (start 10yrs)
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- Premature breast
- dev’t; isolated
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What is the Uterus Length & Ovary volume of:
Newborn-8wks
Premenarchal
13yrs
- 3.5 cm <1cc
- 2.5 cm 3cc
- 6.2 cm 10cc +/- 6cc
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Fusion of the caudal end of mullerian ducts form ___________, ____________ & _______________.
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When is the Neonatal period?
4-6wks
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Neonate Fundus:Cx Ratio?
Infantile
Premenarchal
Puberty
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What are some causes of Primary amenorrhea? (3)
- gonadal failure
- congenital absense uterus & vag
- constitutional delay
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What are some secondary causes of amenorrhea?
- Chronic anovulation
| - Hypothyroidism
| - Weight loss / anorexia
| - Lactation
| - Stress
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Sexual maturity before 8 yrs is called?
precocious puberty
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Precocious puberty is ______________ times MC in females.
2-5X
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What is the difference between True & Pseudo precocious puberty?
- True = ovulation before 8 yrs, ovaries reproductive size (usually pituitary/hypothalamic abn)
- Pseudo = only body shape change; ovaries immature (60% Granulosa Theca Cell Tumor/sex cord)(Sertoli, Thecoma, Fibroma)
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True precocious puberty child's height ________________ rapidly but final is ______________than expected.
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What should be ruled out when mullerian duct defect suspected?
Renal anomalies
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How do you calculate ovarian and bladder volume?
L X W X H X 0.523
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70% of ovarian masses are?
cysts
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Cysts (simple of hemorrhagic) should not contain ________________?
color flow
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Child presents with pain, nausea, vomit, abdominal swelling, palpable abdominal mass, & elevated WBC followed by less severe localized pain. Supect of ?
Torsion
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In what syndrome would you find rudamentary gonads? (gonadal dysgenesis)
Turner's Syndrome
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How does US assist when a baby has ambiguous genetalia?
determining sex assignment with internal organs
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Female pseudohermaphrodite has ?
Caused by?
- 46XX
- ovaries
- masculinized external genetalia (clitoromegaly)
Adrenal Hyperplasia (increased androgen production)
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Male pseudohermaphrodite has?
Caused by?
- 46XY
- fem external genetalia
- cryptochidism
decreased androgens , poor target organs &/or enzyme defect
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Other rare ovarian masses seen ? (4)
- 1. Benign cystic teratoma
- 2. Serous Cystadenoma
- 3. Mucinous Carcinoma
- 4. Ovarian Fibroma (solid tumor assoc Meig’s Syndrome)
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Name the malignant germ cell tumors. 5
- Dysgerminoma
- Endodermal Sinus Tumor
- Benign Cystic Teratoma
- Malignant Teratoma
- Embryonal Carcimona (highly malignant)
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The MC germ cell malignant tumor is ?
dysgerminoma
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Dysgerminoma's are MC malignant germ cell tumor occuring _______________ 90% of the time.
unilaterally
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Sono of dysgerminoma?
- solid
- microlobulated (areas of hemorrhage & necrosis)
- advanced cases: retroperitoneal adenopathy, ascites & hepatic masses
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Endodermal Sinus Tumor (malignant germ cell tumor) is ______________ and occurs before _______________. The growth is ____________ and it is a highly malignant tumor of the ___________ & ___________.
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Sono of endodermal sinus tumor?
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A malignant teratoma has _____________ components and peaks at ___________.
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Embryonal carcinoma is ______________ and may lead to _____________ ______________.
- unilateral
- precocious puberty
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A hormonal tumor that may invade the bladder & surrounding organs is ?
gonadal tumor (sex cord tumor)
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This malignant tumor occurs to girls under one yr and all cases occur before 11 yrs of age.
Adenocarcinoma of uterus or vagina
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