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A nutritionist is supposed to take?
- History
- Physical exam
- Height and weight
- Lab tests
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Which is he most calcium dense?
Non fat milk
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Intake of transfat, is it healthy?
No
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Foods that have nutrients added to them are?
Fortified foods
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What do vegetarians need more of in their diet?
Iron
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What vitamin do vegetarians lack in their diet?
B12 found in meat
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What is digestion?
Breakdown of foods into smaller particles so they can be absorbed.
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What is absorption?
When nutrients are being taken into the body
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Contraction and relaxation of the esophagus and intestines is called?
peristolosis
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Where does digestion begin?
in the mouth
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Where and what is the epiglottis?
it is present in the throat. it prevents you from choking. Its a flap that opens and closes over the larynx
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Where are all the sphincters located?
- Upper and lower esophageal sphincters
- Pyloric sphincter
- Ileocecal sphincter
- Anal sphincter
- Anus sphincter
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What prevents a person from choking?
epiglottis
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What is bolus?
chewed up food that we swallow
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Where is the pyloric sphincter?
between the stomach and the small intestine
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What does the pyloric sphincter do?
It prevents the back up of contents back into the stomach
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What comes after the stomach?
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Large intestine is also known as?
The colon
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What is chyme?
Milkshake in the stomach, partially digested food
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What is the function of the sphincter muscle?
it controls the passage of food through the gi tract
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Where are carbs absorbed?
in the small intestine
so are proteins and fats
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What is reflux?
the backward flow of chyme
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what does mucus in the stomach do?
protects the lining of the stomach from gastric juices
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What do pancreatic enzymes do?
- they breakdown fats
- but cannot breakdown fiber
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What does the gall bladder do?
stores bile
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What is the medical term for sugar?
glucose
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What is the sugar (carbohydrate) of milk?
lactose
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What is another name for lactose?
milk sugar
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Another name for table sugar?
sucrose
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Another name for fruit sugar?
fructose
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What is glycogen?
storage form of glucose in the muscles and liver
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What does fiber do?
It delays gastric emptying
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What does satiety mean?
feeling of fullness
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Where is fiber broken down?
in the large intestine by the bacteria
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Does fiber give energy?
no
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When eating carbs, it begins in the mouth with the breakdown by?
amalase
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Which has more glycogen?
the liver
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What does insulin do?
lowers blood glucose levels
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Name 2 harmones?
- glucose and glucogon
- glucogon increase blood glucose levels
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how do you know if someone is a diabetic?
you perform a glucose test
- 100-125 pre diabetic
- 125-or more- diabetic
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What is lecithin?
example of phospholipid, found in the body and certain foods
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Bile is made up of?
cholesterol, vitamin d and harmones
not glucose
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Bile is stored in the?
gall bladder and is released into the small intestine and made in the liver
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Chylomicrons?
made in the small intestine
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If a person is at high risk for heart attack they should high levels of?
LDL, low density lipo protein
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can fats lead to cancer?
yes, obesity and heart disease but not lactose intolerance
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chronic disease
- develops slowly
- lasts a long time
- progresses gradually
- the pain is dull
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Acute disease
- develops quickly
- sharp symptoms
- runs a short course
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eating oatmeal everyday is?
a habit
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What are macronutrients?
- nutrients you can see
- such as carbs, proteins and fat.
minerals and calcium you cannot see they are called micronutrients
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which nutrient gives you the most energy?
fats (9 kilocalories)
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What is anthropometric?
height and weight measurements
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