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The time period from the discontinuation of anesthesia to the time that the patient has normal mentation.
Recovery Period
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What is imperative?
Knowledge of when to extubate and how to properly do so.
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What 3 things should be remembered about hypoventilation?O,A,EP
- O2 may be required in post op
- acidosis can happen due to this
- Extubating prematurely should be avoided
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Although stuggling with the temperature is not necessary since most patients are hypothermic after surgery, which patients can get malignant hyperthermia?HSP
- Halothane induced patients
- Sight Hounds
- Pigs
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What xan be done to avoid hypotension?BIOI
- BP taken frequently
- Increase fluid Rates
- option to add a colloid
- Identify the cause
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What should be done in the case of a hemorrage?IPFOM
- Identify the cause
- Post op bandages
- Frequent monitoring of PCV/TS
- Option to transfuse
- Monitor mm/CRT
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What is easily confused with pain post op?
excitement
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What does the ability to differentiate between pain and excitement depend on?HHDBA
- Hypothermia
- Hypoxia
- Drugs
- Breed/Individual
- Anxiety
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Physiological Responses to Pain:B,HR,D,L,S,VD,M
- BP increase
- HR/RR increase
- Dilated pupils
- Loss of appetite
- Salivation excess
- v+ d+
- Muscle tremor
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Behavior responses to pain: VPFBAAAGAFA
- Vocalization
- Puring
- Facial expression
- Body posture
- Activity level
- Attitude
- Appetite
- Grooming
- U+/BM patterns
- Facing the back of the cage
- Agression
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What is considered inhumane?
Not treating pain to the best of your ability
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Pain is directly linked to what?
mortality rate
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What do AAHA standards require?
A pain assessment in every patient, regardless of the presenting complaint
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Pain has effects on what?CGPRMIS
- Cardiovascular system
- Gastrointestinal system
- Pulmonary system
- Renal system
- Metabolic system
- Immune function
- Sleep patterns
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What can we as technicians do to make the patient comfortable?PTPITLBCQT
- Positioning
- Turning frequently
- Pillows/blankets
- Items from home(if allowed)
- Temperature control
- Lubrication of eyes
- Bladder expression (if ordered)
- Cages kept clean and dry
- Quiet environment
- Talk to the patients
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Pain Meds:NMOFBB
- Narcotics(Opiods)
- Morphine
- Oxymorphine
- Fentanyl
- Butophanol
- Buprenorphine
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NSAIDS:AKCM
- Aspirin
- Ketoprofen
- Carprofen
- Metacam
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What is used for severe pain?
Morphine Sulfate -the gold standard of pure opiod agonists
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What are some side effects of Morphine Sulfate?HV
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What is similar to Morphine Sulfate but has fewer side affects?
Hydromorphone
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What can be used in an Rapid IV or IM onset for short duration or a transdermal patch for long term use. May also be administered in a CRI.
Fentanyl Citrate
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What is used for moderate to severe Pain.
Buprenorphine (Buprenex)
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Buprenorphine is a _ agonist.
mu
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Buprenorphine can be used more easily in cats and has a _ duration than morphine.
longer (6-8hrs)
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What mixed antagonist/agonist is used for mild pain?
Butorphanol
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Butorphanol is a _ agonist and _ antagonist.
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Should Butorphanol be used as the sole analgesic?
nope unless mild pain or short duration
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