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Explain how a human gets energy from the sun.
We consume plants and animals that have consumed plants, and the plants get their energy from the sun.
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How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration dependent on one another?
The products of one are the reactants of the other.
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When a person loses weight, where does most of that mass go?
Exhaled as CO2
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When a tree gains mass, where did the majority of the mass come from?
CO2
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Purpose of photosynthesis?
Obtain energy from the sun and make glucose
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Purpose of cellular respiration?
Break down glucose into usable energy
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Photosynthesis: plant, animal, or both?
Plant
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Cellular respiration: plant, animal, or both?
Both
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What organelle is needed for photosynthesis?
Chloroplast
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What organelle is needed for cellular respiration?
Mitochondria
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What is the equation for photosynthesis?
CO2 + H2O + sunlight = C6H12O6
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What is the equation for cellular respiration?
C6H12O6 = CO2 + H2O + ATP (energy)
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In the photosynthesis equation, which reactant does the carbon in glucose come from?
CO2
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The oxygen released during photosynthesis comes from which reactant?
CO2
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Why would levels of carbon dioxide increase in a pond at night?
Both fish and plants are using cellular respiration, with CO2 as a byproduct and O2 as a reactant.
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Why would levels of oxygen increase in a pond during the day?
Plants are going through photosynthesis, which uses CO2 as a reactant and O2 as a product.
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Compare and contrast aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Which uses oxygen? Which produces more energy (ATP)?
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What is the purpose of mitosis?
To make more somatic cells for growth, repair, and replacement.
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What is the purpose of meiosis?
To produce gametes, or sex cells.
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What type of reproduction uses mitosis?
Asexual
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What type of reproduction uses meiosis?
Sexual
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How many chromosomes are in the daughter cells after mitosis?
Equal amount as parent cells
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How many chromosomes are in the daughter cells after meiosis?
1/2 amount as parent cells
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How many daughter cells are produced in mitosis?
1
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How many daughter cells are produced in meiosis?
4 sperm or 1 egg and 3 polar bodies
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In mitosis, are the daughter cells identical?
Yes, usually
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In meiosis, are the daughter cells identical?
No
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If the parent cell has 50 chromosomes and goes through mitosis, the daughter cell(s) would have how many chromosomes?
50
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If the parent cell has 50 chromosomes and goes through meiosis, the daughter cell(s) would have how many chromosomes?
25
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What are some advantages to sexual reproduction?
Variation
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What are some advantages to asexual reproduction?
Produces many, very fast
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What are some disadvantages to sexual reproduction?
Slow
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What are some disadvantages to asexual reproduction?
No variety
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What is a stem cell?
An undifferentiated cell
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Where are stem cells found?
Bone marrow, fetus's, umbilical cord, spinal fluid
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What are stem cells used for?
Repair and replacement, all types of body cells in fetus's
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What internal factors affect differentiation?
Temperature, carcinogens, nutrition, chemicals
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