The second phase of an asthma attach would be most responsive to treatment with:
C. Methylprednisolone
When using CPAP in patients with COPD in general, PEEP should be:
B. <10 cm H20
Air entering and leaving the lungs via inspiration and expiration is known as:
B. Ventilation
Your patient is a 60 yom with an acute exacerbation of COPD. You may consider giving the Pt ipratropium because, in addition to reversing bronchospasm, it is helpful in:
D. Drying bronchial secretions
ETCO2 is recorded during phase _____ of the capnogram.
D. III
Your Pt is a 44 yof, alert & oriented, in moderate distress, and c/o difficulty breathing. She gives a one-week hx of fever and malaise, with SOB developing 3 days ago. She also has left-sided CP with deep inspiration and a "phlegmy" cough. Physical examination reveals hot, pale, dry skin, and rhonchi and rales throughout the left lung. The right lung sounds are clear. HR=134, BP=88/64, RR=24, SaO2=92%. She has a hx of two previous MIs and takes Nitroglycerin as needed. Which of the following is the best course of prehospital management?
C. Oxygen via NRB, IV or NS with fluid challenge
Your Pt is a 70 yom with a hx of emphysema and pulmonary HTN. His wife called EMS because the Pt has become progressively more dyspneic over the course of the day. Which of the following aspects of the hx should concern you the most?
B. The Pt was admitted to the ICU last year and required mechanical ventilation
You have been called to treat a Pt complaining of difficulty breathing. Which of the findings should concern you the most?
A. The Pt is confused, agitated, and angry that you are trying to help him
The most important factor in determining the respiratory rate is:
B. Alveolar pCO2
Pulmonary embolism is a problem of:
C. Perfusion of the lungs
Stretch receptors in the lungs send a signal to the inspiratory center of the medulla, inhibiting its stimulation of the phrenic and intercostal nerves. This is called the _____ reflex.
D. Hering-Breuer
An example of diffusion in the respiratory system is movement of:
D. Oxygen from the alveoli into the pulmonary capillaries
_____ is a graphic recording or display of the expired CO2.
A. Capnography
A relatively common complication of ventilator therapy is:
B. Barotrauma
Chemoreceptors that help regulate breathing can be found:
D. both a and c
_____ is the pressure within the airway at the end of expiration. When increased, it improves oxygenation by keeping the alveoli open during expiration.
C. Positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)
An emergency procedure that allows for reexpansion of the lung is called:
C. Decompression
The _____ nerve carries impulses to the diaphragm.
C. Phrenic
The amount fo air that can be forcibly taken in after normally inhaling is called:
A. Inspiratory reserve volume
Pleural effusion with pus is a(n):
C. Empyema
When the diaphragm contracts, lung volume:
B. increases
_____ is the amount of gas moved during normal ventilation.
B. Tidal volume
The respiratory system terminates at the:
D. Alveoli
Type II cells that line the alveoli are responsible for the production of:
C. Surfactant
_____ is a destructive disease of the alveoli and the adjacent capillary walls resulting in chronic dyspnea, cough, and the characteristic barrel chest.
