-
axial skeleton
forms the central bony structure of the body around which other parts move. Consists of the bones of the head chest and back.
-
appendicular skeleton
consists of the bones of the shoulder, upper extremities, hips, and lower extremities.
-
suture
the line where one cranial bone meets another
-
frontal bone
forms the forehead and top of the cranium
-
parietal bones
form the upper sides and upper posterior part of the cranium
-
sagittal suture
runs from front to back
-
occipital bone
forms the posterior base of the cranium
-
foramen magnum
large, round opening through which the spinal cord passes to join the brain
-
temporal bones
form the lower sides of the cranium.
-
mastoid process
a projection from the temporal bone just behind the external ear canal
-
styloid process
a point of attachment for tendons to the muscles of the tongue and pharynx and for ligaments of the hyoid bone in the throat
-
sphenoid bone
a large, irregularly shaped bone, forms part of the central base and sides of the cranium and posterior walls of the eye sockets.
-
ethmoid bone
forms the posterior nasal septum that divides the nasal cavity into the right and left sides and forms the medial walls of the eye sockets
-
vomer
a narrow wall of bone that forms the inferior part of the nasal septum and continues posteriorly to join the sphenoid bone
-
lacrimal bones
small, flat bones within the eye sockets
-
zygomatic bone
forms each cheek bone and the edge of the eye socket
-
maxilla
the upper jaw bone
-
palatine bones
small, flat bones that form the posterior hard palate
-
mandible
the lower jaw bone
-
ossicles
three tiny bones in the inner ear: the malleus, iincus, and stapes
-
hyoid bone
a flat, u-shaped bone in the anterior neck
-
manubrium
the body of the sternum, and the posterior tip or xiphoid process
-
costochondral joint
where the cartilage meets the rib
-
cervical column
24 vertebrae
-
-
thoracic vertebrae
t1-t12
-
-
sacrum
a group of five fused vertebrae that are not individually numbered, except for S1
-
-
a long, bony projection that juts out in the midline along a person's back
-
transverse processes
bony projections to each side of the vertebra
-
foramen
the hold through which the spinal cord passes
-
nucleus pulposus
a gelatinous substance that fills each disk
-
clavicle
a thin, rodlike bone on each side of the anterior neck
-
scapula
a triangular-shaped bone on either side of the spinal column in the upper back
-
acromion
a flat projection on the scapula that connects to the clavicle
-
glenoid fossa
a shallow depression where the head of the humerus joins the scapula to make the shoulder joint
-
humerus
the long bone in the upper arm
-
radius
one of the two bones in the forearm on the thumb sign
-
ulna
lies on the little finger side of the forearm
-
olecranon
a large, square projection that forms the point of the elbow
-
carpal bones
two rows of bones in the wrist
-
metacarpal
five individual bones in the hand
-
phalanges
each finger contains three individual bones, except the thumb
-
ilium
the most superior part of the hip bones
-
iliac crest
a broad, flaring rim the forms the outer part of the illium
-
acetabulum
the deep socket of the hip joint
-
ischium
the most inferior of the hip bones.
-
pubis
a small, bridgelike bone
-
pubic symphysis
a nearly immobile joint that has a cartilage pad between the bone ends
-
tarsal bones
seven bones of the ankle
-
-
metatarsal
five bones of the midfoot
-
talus
the first tarsal bone
-
-
symphysis joint
slightly movable joint with a fibrocartilage pad or disk between the bones
-
synovial joint
a fully movable joint: Hinge joint (elbow and knee) and ball-and-socket joints (shoulder and joint)
-
articular cartilage
covers the end of bones.
-
ligaments
strong fibrous bands of connective tissue that hold the two bones together in a synovial joint
-
joint capsule
has a fibrous outer layer and an inner membrane
-
synovial membrane
produces synovial fluid
-
synovial fluid
a clear, thick fluid that lubricates the joint
-
meniscus
a special crescent-shaped cartilage pad found in some synovial joints, such as the knee
-
osseous tissue
a type of connective tissue
-
periosteum
a thick, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a bone
-
diaphysis
the long, narrow shaft of the bone
-
epiphysis
the two widened ends of the long bone
-
epiphysial plates
where bone growth occurs
-
medullary cavity
filled with yellow bone marrow that contains fatty tissue
-
cortical bone
dense conpact bone for weight bearing
-
cancellous bone
spongy bone in each epiphysis that is less dense than compact bone adn the spaces in it are filled with red bone marrow.
-
ossification
the gradual replacing of cartilage with bone that takes place during childhood and adolescence
-
osteoclasts
break down areas of old or damaged bone
-
osteoblasts
deposit new bone tissue in those areas
-
osteocytes
maintain and monitor the mineral content of the bone
|
|