Where in the kidney is blood initially filtered to form urine?
D) the nephron
Which of the following structures allows fetal blood vessels to exchange nutrients and wastes with the mother's blood vessels?
B) the placenta
Mature sperm cells are stored in a male's
D) epididymis
At what age is a young female most susceptible to urinary tract infections?
C) 3 years old
Microbial infection of the bladder is called
D) cystitis
Which of the following transmits leptospirosis?
A) infected animal urine
During the spring calving season a ranch hand begins to run a fever and feel nauseous and achy. After he develops a headache and vomiting, he goes to a clinic. A microscopic exam of a urine sample reveals long thin microbes which move very rapidly in a corkscrewing pattern. The man may have contracted
E) leptospirosis
The majority of cases of staphylococcal toxic shock syndrome occure in
B) menstruating women
Which of the following is a characteristic of bacterial vaginosis frequently used to confirm diagnosis?
C) the presence of clue cells
What type of infection is candidiasis?
B) yeast
Which of the following is associated with Candida infections?
D) pseudohyphae
Untreated infection of males with Neisseria gonorrhoeae may result in
A) sterility
Opthalmia neonatorum is an infection caused by
C) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Which of the following contributes to the invasiveness of Treponema pallidum?
B) hyaluronidase
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding gonorrhea?
D) The causative agent can grow on most mucous membranes of the body.
Neisseria gonorrhoeae most commonly infects which of the following in females?
D) the cervix
The presence of Gram-negative diplococci in pus from an inflamed penis diagnostic for infection by
E) Neisseria gonorrhoeae
The typical sign of primary syphilis is
C) a chancre at the site of infection
Diagnosis of syphilis is usually made by
E) the MHA-TP test
A distinctive feature of secondary syphilis is
A) blister-like lesions which ulcerate
Syphilis can be transmitted
D) both by sexual contact and from mother to fetus
The noninfective, obligately intracellular forms of chlamydia are called
D) reticulate bodies
The most common sexually transmitted bacterium is
B) Chlamydia trachomatis
In addition to the genital tract, various strains of Chlamydia trachomatis can infect which of the following?
E) lymph nodes, lungs, and conjunctiva
A young adult shows up at a free clinic complaining of painful swellings in the groin. The young woman has a history of occasional casual sex, but denies noticing any genital sores or experiencing painful urination. The young woman is most likely infected with
D) Chlamydia trachomatis
Which of the following can mimic gonorrhea infections?
B) chlamydia
Chancroid is caused by
D) Haemophilus ducreyi
The major sign of Haemophilus ducreyi infection is similar to the major sign of infection by
A) Treponema pallidum
A diagnosis of genital herpes is confirmed by the
D) binding of fluorescent antibodies
Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding genital herpes?
A) Acyclovir is effective in reducing the occurrence of lesions, but is not a cure.
Pap smears are used in the diagnosis of
C) cervical cancer
Condylomata acuminata are associated with infections of which of the following?
D) papillomaviruses
Which of the following is the cause of the most common curable STD in women?
B) Trichomonas vaginalis
A woman goes to her gynecologist and reports that she is experiencing pain during intercourse and frequently has an unusual vaginal discharge that is increased in quantity and sort of foamy. A vaginal smear shows normal appearing epithelial cells along with small leaf-shaped cells with prominent oval nuclei. What disease is the woman experiencing?
E) trichomoniasis
Trichomonas vaginalis is usually transmitted via sexual intercourse because it
E) cannot live long outside the body
The most common symptom of chancroid in women is a vaginal discharge.
A) True
B) False
B) False
The risk of developing toxic shock syndrome is increased by the use of super-absorbent tampons.
A) True
B) False
A) True
Gonorrhea in women is always asymptomatic.
A) True
B) False
B) False
Genital herpes and genital warts are both caused herpesviruses.
A) True
B) False
B) False
The normal microbiota of the vagina help maintain a vaginal pH of around 7.5.
A) True
B) False
B) False
The urethra is the only part of the urinary system in which one would expect to find normal microbiota.
A) True
B) False
A) True
Mental confusion is often the only sign of a urinary tract infection in elderly patients.
A) True
B) False
A) True
Clinical manifestations of chlamydia infections arise primarily from an inflammatory respose to the destruction of infected cells.
A) True
B) False
A) True
The most common symptom of chancroid in women is a vaginal discharge.
A) True
B) False
B) False
A whitlow is the result of human papillomavirus infection of the skin of the hand.
A) True
B) False
B) False
Trichomoniasis increases patients' susceptibility to infection by HIV.
A) True
B) False
