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static charge
stationary, not moving electricity
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different intereactions of static electricity
static cling is a + and a - attraction to one another. ex. + shirt attracted to - sock
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what is lighting? what causes lighting between clouds?
- a huge jumo of electrons
- clouds with more electrons jump to clouds without as many electrons
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when does chargerd separation occur?
When you bring a charged object near a nutral object
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Is whater charged or nutral
nutral but contains both charges
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how does a Van de Graff generator work?
use friction with rubber belt which carries electrons to the dome and when you touch it your hair goes everywhere and you become negitively charged
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Protons
Neutrons
Electrons
- Protons - Positive, big, in nuecleus
- Electrons - negative, small, in shells that go around the nucleous
- Neutrons - no charge, in neucleus, big
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what is the purpose of some metal strips that hang off cars?
To dissapate any charge in the vehicle
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Define what current electricity is and how it behaves. Know which untis are used to measure current, resistance, power, energy and voltage.
- Electricity that flows electrons through a complete path.
- Current - Amps
- Resistance - Omega
- Power - Watts
- Energy - joules
- Voltage - volts
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Why would static electricity not be a good choice to power a stereo
It doesnt move and it wouldnt power everything
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What series of steps take place to transfer power to your home?
Really big power lines to smaller power lines.
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What is a load, switch, conductor, source, in a circut?
- Source - battery
- Conductor - wire
- swtich - turns on and off
- Load - anything that uses eletricity to work
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Know the various types of load that a circut may have?
A light bulb
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Be able to read off different meters:
Voltmeter
Milivoltmeter
Galvanometer
Ammeter
Ohmeter
- Ex. Milivolt -> volt -> kilivolt = 1000 -> 1 -> 0.001
- The larger the scale the smaller the number
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How should a driver get out of a vehicle that has a high voltage power line touching itdue to an accident ?
Jump
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Getting shocked depends on voltage and current? Understand insulators vs. conductors.
- Insulator - Resists the flow of electricity
- Conductor - Material that an electrical charge can move though easily
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What is the purpose of a three pronged outlit?
- The third prong is to send out any excess electricty to the ground.
- The sender, resceiver, overload (sends to the ground)
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What a 10A fuse be better replaced with a 15A fuse or a 5A fuse?
5A fuse because you want to use a fuse equal to or less than the original
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Circut breakers vs. Fuses
- Circut breakers - Special wire thhat heats up and turns off switch when excess current flows through and electrical circut.
- Fuses - Thin peice of metal than melts to break an electrical circut when excess current flow occurs.
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What is the purpose of a lighting rod?
gives an extra pathway to the ground
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Where is the safest place to go in a lighting storm?
in the middle, away from tall things
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be able to identify various types of enery
- Thermal: heat energy
- Electrical: electricity
- Mechanical: machines
- Solar/Light: light energy
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be able to identify various types of energy conversions
oven- electrical -> thermal -> light
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what are the basic parts of an electrochemical cell (battery)?
a package of chemicals that are designed to produce small amounts of electricity
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What is a wet cell?
- uses liquid electrolytes that is usually an acid such as sulfuric acid
- ex. car battery
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how to rechargable cells get recharged?
Reversed by using external electrical source to run electricity back through the cell
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What is the difference between a cell and a battery?
- cell - individual, changes chemical energy into electrical
- Battery - set of cells conected together
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What is the process of passing a current through something to separate it?
Electrolysis
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How is electroplating accomplished? (whst ever you want plated has to be the *-* electrode!)
page 293
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What is electrorefining? (The impure substance always has to be the *+* electrode!)
separate substances
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How does a neon sign work? how are different colours created?
page 297?
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How are the electrons different in conductors and insulators?
- Conductors - free to move
- insulators - not
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What makes a good conductor?
with no voltage, not tightly bound to the nuclei
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why does the filament of a light bulb produce light?
305
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What is a rheostat and how does it work?
???????????????
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What makes water a good conductor?
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How does the length and diameter of a wire affect the resistance of the current ?
- Long & skinny - longer time to pass
- Short and fat - less time
- Short and skinny - long time to pass
- Fat and long - shorter time
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What does the temperature of a wire tell you about its conductivity and resistance?
???????????
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What is the advantage of a multimeter
cheaper & easier to buy & use & to carry around etc
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Understand ohms law and be able to do the various calculations ? What is the relationship that this law is based on?
306
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What is schematic in regards to circuts?
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Parallel vs. series circuts
- series : 1 swicth, 1 path
- Parallel : more switches , more paths
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How are each of these circuts affected by switches , # of loads , etc.
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Be able to look at the schematic of a circut and explain what will happen to the various loads and current.
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what would a circut look like that has two switches to control one light bulb?
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what device is used to make a light come on automatically at night?
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What is energy?
Ability to do work
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Different forms of energy and identifying energy conversions.
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What unit is energy measured in?
joules
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What unit is a thermococuple and how does it work?
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How does the element of an oven heat up?
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What did oersted discover? what made compass deflect?
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Why does a compass deflect differently above and below a compass?
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How a ST. LOUIS MOTOR works and its 6 main parts?
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How can you make an electromagnent stronger? (3 ways)
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What makes an electric motor work?
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What would make a motor turn in the opposite directions?
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DC vs AC - what are they and which one can be increased and decreased with transformers?
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How can a generator affect the brightness of a light bulb
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what does 6W and a 100W on a light bulb mean?
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How many joules is one kWh equal to?
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Be able to calculate power and engery
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Be able to calculate the energy used in terms of kWh
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What is efficency? Determine what appliance is more efficient
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How does a furnance work in terms of efficiency ?
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Be able to calcute effciency
useful output divided by useful imput x 100 = % efficiency
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Why are electric motors more efficent then gas-powered engines?
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What is the purpose of Energuide label?
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How do you make an appliance that has a lot of friction more efficient?
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Are heaters efficient compared to electric pumps, light bulbs and motors?
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How is most energy produced around the world?
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Why is crushed prior to burning it?
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What is another name for biomass ? What is biomass?
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How does a windmill and a hydro-electric dam work?
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