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2 Functions of the Male Reproductive System
1. Secrete hormone testosterone
2. Produce & release spermatozoa
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Perineum
Located between the anus & scrotum, analogous to the perineal region in the female
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Epididymis
A large coiled tube in the upper part of each testis, is where spermatozoa mature, become motile & are stored & eventually becomes the vas deferens.
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Prepuce (foreskin)
The skin covering the glans penis
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Sperm Journey
Formed in Seminiferous Tubules (in Testes)-> Epididymis-> Vas Deferens (in Seminal Vesicles)-> Ejaculatory Duct-> Urethra (via prostate gland & Cowper (bulbourethral) glands-> which passes through the Penis
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Orch/o, Orchid/o, Orchi/o
Testis, Testicle
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Test/o, Testicul/o
Testis, Testicle
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Sperm/o, Spermat/o
Sperm, Spermatozoon
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Vas/o
Vas deferens, vessel, duct
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Vesicul/o
Seminal vesicle
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-cele
Herniation, protrusion
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-genesis
Originating, producing
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-lysis
Destruction, breakdown, separation
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-pexy
Fixation, put in place
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Prostatic
Pertaining to the prostate
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Epididymitis
Inflammation of the epididymis
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Oligospermia
Scanty production of sperm
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Orchitis
Inflammation of the testis or testicle
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Prostatitis
Inflammation of the prostate
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Prostatolith
Stone or calculus in the prostate
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Cryptorchism, Cryptochidism
Undescended testes
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Carcinoma of the Testes (Testicular Cancer)
Rare except in the 15-35 year group, most common is Seminoma
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Hydrocele
Accumulation of fluid in the scrotum
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Testicular Torsion
Twisting of the spermatic cord causing decrease in blood flow to the penis
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Varicocele
Enlargement of veins in the spermatic cord near the testicle
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Carcinoma of the Prostate (Prostate Cancer)
Most common >50 years in age, early detection in PSA test, diagnosis w/ biopsy of prostate tissue
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Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH), Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy
Enlargement of the prostate gland, common in >60 years age, symptoms include urinary obstruction & trouble emptying bladder
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Peyronie Disease
Abnormal scar tissue inside the penis causing bending of an erect penis
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Phimosis
Narrowing of the prepuce
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Priapism
Abnormal, persistent erection of the penis that lasts more than 4 hours
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Spermatocele
Cyst in the epididymis containing sperm
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Chlamydia
Bacterial sexually transmitted disease
- W/in three weeks:
- MALES: Burning upon urination, white/clear discharge
- FEMALES: often asymptomatic; may have yellowish vaginal discharge
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Gonorrhea
Inflammation of mucosa of genital tract
MALES: Dysuria, yellow, mucopurulent discharge from urethra
FEMALES: May be asymptomatic; or pain, vaginal & urethral discharge
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Herpes Genitalis
Infection of skin & genital mucosa; most genital cases caused by Herpes Simplex Virus 2
Reddening of skin & fluid filled blisters
Women have higher risk of developing vulvar & cervical cancer
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Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Infection
- Infection of skin & mucous membranes in anogenital region
- Some types of HPV cause genital warts, cancer of the cervix & cancer in men
- Vaccine recommended
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Prostate-specific Antigen (PSA)
Levels of PSA in blood, produced by cells in PG, high levels associated with enlargement & cancer
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Digital Rectal Examination (DRE)
Assessment to determine the size & shape of the prostate through the rectal wall
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Circumcision
Excision of the prepuce from the penis
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Penile Implant
Surgical procedure placing a penile prosthesis for patients with erectile dysfunction
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Prostatectomy
Excision of the prostate
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Prostatolithotomy
Incision to remove a stone from the prostate
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Transurethral Incision of the Prostate (TUIP)
Surgical procedure that widens the urethra by making small incisions in the bladder & prostate gland
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Transurethral Resection of the Prostate (TURP)
Removal of prostatic tissue through the urethra using a resectoscope
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Orchidectomy, Orchiectomy
Excision of a testis
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Orchidopexy, Orchiopexy
Surgical fixation of a testis
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Orchidotomy, Orchiotomy
Incision into a testis
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Orichoplasty
Surgical repair or reconstruction of a testis
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