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compensatory damages and 4 subs
contract damages placing the injured party in a position as good as the one he would have held had the other party performed; equals loss of value (minus) loss avoided by injured party (plus) incidental damages (plus) consequential damages
loss of value, cost avoided, incidental damages, and consequential damages
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loss of value
value of promised performance minuse value of actual performance
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cost avoided
loss or costs the injured party avoids by not having to perform
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incidental damages
damages arising directly out of a breach of contract
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consequential damages
damages not arising directly out of breach but arising as a foreseeable result of the breach
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nominal damages
a small sum awarded where a contract has been breached but the loss is negligible or unproved
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reliance damages
contract damages placing the injured party in as good a position as she would have been in had the contract not been made
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two types of damages for misrepresentation
benefit-of-the-bargain damages and out-of-pocket damages
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benefit-of-the-bargain damages
difference between the value of the fraudulent party's performance as represented and the value the defrauded party received
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out-of-pocket damages
difference between the value given and the value received
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punitive damages
generally not recoverable for breach of contract
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liquidated damages
reasonable damages agreed to in advance by the parties to a contract
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three limitations on damages
foreseeability of damages, certainty of damages, and mitigation of damages
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foreseeability of damages
potential loss that the party now in default had reason to know of when the contract was made
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certainity of damages
damages are not recoverable beyond an amount that can be established with reasonable certainty
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mitigation of damages
injured party may not recover damages for loss he could have avoided by reasonable effort
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remedies of equity (availability)
only where there is no adequate remedy at law
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types of remedies in equity (3)
specific performance, injunction, and reformation
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restitution
restoration of the injured party to the position he was in before the contract was made
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availability of restitution (4)
party injured by breach, party in default, statute of frauds, and voidable contracts
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party injured by breach
if the other party totally breaches the contract by nonperformance or repudiation
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party in default
for any benefit conferred in excess of the loss caused by the breach
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statute of frauds
where a contract is unenforceable because of the statute of frauds, a party may recover beneifts conferred on the other party in reliance on the contract
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voidable contracts
a party who has avoided a contract is entitled to restitution for any benefit conferred on the other party
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election of remedies
if remedies aren't inconsistent, a party injured by a breach of contract may seek more than one
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loss of power of avoidance
- a party with the power to avoid a contract may lose that power by:
- affirming the contract
- delying unreasonably in exercising the power of avoidance
- being subordinated to the intervening rights of third parties
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