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Astereognosis
unable to identify objects in touch
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Apraxia
is unable to perform purposeful movements
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echopraxia
imitates others' movements and gestures
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dyspraxia
displays uncoordinated movements and gestures
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athetosis
displays slow, recurring, writhing movements of arms and legs, makes facial grimaces
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hemianopsia
is unable to see one half of the visual field
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catalepsy
has sudden episode of muscle weakness triggered by strong emotions
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word salad
has imcomprehensible speech in which real words area strung together in gibberish
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word approximations
uses words in new and unconventional ways; develops new words
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visual-spatial agnosia
is unable to understand spatial detials
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visual agnosis
is unable to recognize family objects by site
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telegraphic speech
omits connectives, prepositions, modifiers, and refinements or language when speaking
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tangentiality
replies to questions in an oblique or irrelevant way; constantly digresses to irrelevant topics and fails to arrive at a main point
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tactile agnosia
is unable to identify familiar objects placed in his or her hands
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prosopagnosia
is unable to recognize familiar faces
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phonemic paraphasia
substitutes one sound for another, primarily as a result of a breakdown in the retrieval of phonological word patterns
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perseveration
has difficulty shifting from one strategy or procedure to another or repeatedly says the same sound word or phrase
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paraphasia
substitutes incorrect words for intended words
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paramnesia
recollects events that never occurred
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paragrammatism
uses verbs, clauses, or prepositional phrases incorrectly
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nonfluent aphasia
has better auditory comprehension than verbal expression
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neologisms
makes up nonsensical and unrecognizable words
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monomania
intensely preoccupied with a single idea or subject
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ideomotor apraxia
is unable to carry out an action or verbal command, even though he can perform the action automatically and despite having intact comprehension
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ideational apraxia
is unable to execute a series of acts, even though she or he can perform each step correctly
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ideational agnosia
is unable to state the function or purpose of an object when shown it
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ideas of reference
believes that other people's statements or actions have special reference to him or her when they do not
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global aphasia
can neither express nor understand speech and other forms of communication
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expressive aphasia
has difficulty speaking, writing, or using signs
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echolalia
echoes others' words either immediately or after a delay
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dyslexia
is unable to read either silently or aloud
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dysgraphia
has difficulty expressing ideas in writing
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derealization
expresses feelings that the surrounding are unreal
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derailment
displays loose or oblique associations related to the topic under discussion; makes illogical connections in speech
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depersonalization
expresses feelings of being detached, unreal, and physically altered
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constructional apraxia
is unable to construct objects
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circumstantiality
has unnecessary digression in speech eventually reaching the main thought; is excessively long-winded ; speech is filled with tedious details and parenthetical remarks
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circumlocution
uses unnecessary words and indirect language; main point is never lost but rather accompanied by much nonessential information
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agnosia
cannot recognize, interpret, or comprehend the meaning of sensory stimuli, despite having no perceptual disabiltiy
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agrammatism
has difficulty following grammatical rules while speaking, including rules governing word use, verb tense, and subject-verb agreement
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Alexia
is unable to read, despite adequate vision and intelligence
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amnesia
has partial or total loss of memory for past experiences
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anomia
has difficulty finding the right word when speaking
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anterograde amnesia
unable to remember events that occurred after the onset of amnesia
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aphasia (formerly known as dysphasia)
has difficulty comprehending spoken or written language or articulating ideas
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apraxia
is unable to perform purposeful movements, despite having no paralysis or sensory disturbance
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asymbolia
is unable to comprehend the significance of signs or symbols
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auditory agnosia
is unable to identify sounds
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auditory aphasia
is unable to comprehend spoken language
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autopagnosia
is unable to identify his or her own body parts
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blocking
unable to complete a train of thought; suddenly stops speaking
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dysprosody
uses question-like (rising) inflection when speaking; chants; uses sing-song inflection; has monotonic speech; exhibits other manneristic changes in pitch, intonation, stress, phrasing, or rhythm
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dysphonia
has speaking difficulty because of hoarseness or other phonation problems
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dysarthria
has a motor speech disorder characterized by poor articulation and poor control of tongue, throat, or lips
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distractible speech
changes the subject in the middle of a sentence in response to a stimulus
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disfluency
does not use complete words or phrases
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spastic gait
walks with a choppy and stiff gait
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hemiplegia
paralysis on one side of the body
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graphesthesia
unable to recognize numbers, words, or symbols traced or written on her or his skin
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facial apraxia
unable to execute facial movements on command (whistling, puckering lips) but can do so spontaneously
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Ataxia
Displays jerky patterns of movement- has a lurching walk
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