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MED-Nitroglycerin
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Functional Class
Nitrate
Mechanism of Action
Rapid vascular smooth muscle relaxant resulting in increased coronary blood flow and improved perfusion of myocardium
Results in decreased venous return to the heart, alleviation of CP, and decreased preload and afterload of left ventricle
Indications
CP associated with angina pectoris or AMI
Acute pulmonary edema
CHF
Contraindications
Hypersensitivity
Head trauma
Patients in shock (systolic < 90mmHg)
Patients with increased ICP
Precautions
Protect from light and air
Monitor vitals closely for orthostatic hypotension
Posphodiesterase-type 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors:
Viagra
: use within past 24 hours
Cialis
: use within past 48 hours
Levitra
: use within past 48 hours
Side Effects
Hypotension
Palpitations
Tachycardia
Syncope
Dry mouth
N/V
Headache
Dizziness
Skin rash
Interactions
May cause hypotension when used in conjunction with alcohol and antihypertensives (beta-blockers)
Dose and Route
0.4 mg SL (or 1/150 gr) tablet or spray q 5 mins with BP >100 systolic
1-2 inches of paste
Infusion:
10 mcg/min IV infusion pump increasing 5-10 mcg/min q 5 mins to relieve CP or pulmonary edema
(if systolic BP >100 mmHg)
Pharmacokinetics
Onset = 1-3 mins SL, 30 mins TD
Half-life = 1-4 mins
Note
Recommend two IVs or twin-cath in place to administer infusion.
Do not shake aerosol spray as it may effect metered dose.
Author
amerelman
ID
22265
Card Set
MED-Nitroglycerin
Description
MED-Nitroglycerin
Updated
2010-06-06T14:17:18Z
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