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What structure do all Facial nerve fibers run through?
Internal Auditory Meatus
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What foramen and gland do the motor fibers of Facial nerve pass through?
- Stylomastoid Foramen
- Parotid Gland
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What is the innervation of the frontal and occipital bellies of the epicranious respectively?
- Frontal = Temporal branch
- Occipital = Posterior auricular n.
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What nerves innervate the Orbicularis Oris?
- Buccal b.
- Marginal mandibular b.
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What muscles elevate the upper lip and what is their innervation?
- Levator Labii Superioris
- Levator Labii Superioris Alaeque Nasi
- Zygomatic Minor
- Zygomatic Major
- All innervated by Buccal branch
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What are the contents of the Parotid gland?
- Facial Nerve
- External Carotid Artery
- Retromandibular vein
- Parotid Lymph nodes
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What nerve supplies presynaptic parasympathetic fibers to the Otic ganglion?
CNIX
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A patient presents with right sided Bell's palsy what side of the face is the lesion on?
Right
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What are the muscles of mastication?
- Temporalis
- Masseter
- Lateral Pterygoid
- Medial Pterygoid
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What nerve innervates the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular branch of Trigeminal (V3)
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What is the origin and insertion of the masseter muscle?
- Origin-Zygomatic Arch
- Insertion-Condyloid process and ramus of mandible
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What muscle originates at pterygoid plate of sphenoid, palatine, maxillary bones and inserts to the medial surface of ramus of mandible?
Medial Pterygoid
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What is the only muscle of mastication that depresses the mandibe?
Lateral Pterygoid
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What types of joint is the Temporomandibular joint?
Hinge (ginglymus) type of synovial joint (arthrodial)
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What nerve innervates the TMJ?
Auriculotemporal n of V3
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What innervates the articular disk of the TMJ?
NO INNERVATION
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What is the most common symptom of TMJD?
Clicking (disc displacement with reduction)
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What is the most common disc location in TMJD?
Dis anterior to joint articulation
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What is the disk location in Open lock TMJD?
Posterior to condyle
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What are the four main causes of TMJD?
- Myofascial pai syndrome
- Disc Derangement
- DJD
- C-spine subluxation
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What is Bruxism?
Grinding of the teeth
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What bones make up the Temporal Fossa?
- Frontal
- Parietal
- Temporal
- Sphenoid bones
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What are the contents of the Temporal Fossa?
- Temporalis m.
- Superficial temporal artery
- Auriculotemporal n.
- Deep temporal arteries and nerves
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What are the boundaries of the Infratemporal fossa?
- L: ramus of mandible
- M: Lteral pterygoid plate
- A: Maxilla
- P: Tempoarl bone
- S: Zygomatic arch, GW sphenoid
- I: Medial pterygoid m, angle of mandible
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What are the contents of the Infratemporal Fossa (ITF).
3 muscles
3 vasculature
3 nerves
- Medial pterygoid m.
- Lateral pterygoid m.
- Inferior temporalis m.
- Mandibular part of maxillary artyer
- Pterygoid part of maxillary artery
- Pterygoid venous plexus
- V3 mandibular branch
- Otic ganglion
- Chorda Tympani
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Where is the 3rd part of the maxillary artery found?
Pterygopalatine fossa
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Where are the first and second parts of maxillary artery found?
Infratemporal fossa
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What are the branches of the first part of the maxillary artery?
- Deep Auricular a.
- Anterior Tympanic a.
- Middle meningeal a.
- Accessory meningeal a.
- Inferior aveolar a.
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What are the branches of the second part of the Maxillary artery?
- Masseteric a.
- Deep temporal a.
- Pterygoid b.
- Buccal a.
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What are the branches of the third part of the maxillary artery?
- Sphenopalatine a.
- Infraorbital a.
- Descending palatine a.
- Artery of the pterygoid canal
- Posterior superior alveolar a.
- Pharyngeal b.
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What are the nerves of the ITF?
- Auriculotemporal
- Otic ganglion
- Buccal
- Lingual
- Chorda tympani
- Inferior aveolar
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What acts as the entry way to the pterygopalatine fossa?
Pterygomaxillary fissure
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What are the contents of the Pterygopalatine fossa?
- third part maxillary artery
- venous tributaries of pterygoid plexus
- Maxillary branch of trigeminal
- Pterygopalatine ganglion
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What are the four ganglion of the head?
- Pterygopalatine
- Otic
- Submandibular
- Ciliary
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What is contained within the vestibule of nostrils?
- Hair
- sebaceous glands
- Sweat glands
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What are the divisions of the mucosa?
- inferior 2/3 is respiratory
- posterior superior 1/3 olfactory
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What is the gateway between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx?
Choanae
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What structures drain to the superior nasal meatus?
- posterior ethmoid air cells
- Sphenoid sinuses
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What drains into the inferior nasal meatus?
lacrimal fluid from nasolacrimal duct
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Which nasal meatus is the largest?
Inferior nasal meatus
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What area of is know for nose bleeds?
Kiesselbach area
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What is the largest sinus?
Maxillary
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What is the only sinus present at birth?
maxillary
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What innervates the maxillary sinus?
superior aveolar nerve
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What are the two parts of the oral cavity and where are they located?
- Vestibule: between lips/cheeks and gums
- Oral cavity proper: internal teeth row occupied by tongue
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Describe the four types of lingual papillae?
- Fungiform- mushroom shape at apex and margins
- Filiform- smalles, cone shaped, covers most of the superior surface of tongue
- Vallate- large circular v shaped row seperating anterior 2/3 and post. 1/3
- Foliate- located at margins (folds)
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What are the four extrinsic muscles of the tongue?
- Genioglossus
- hyoglossus
- styloglossus
- palatoglossus
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What extrinsic muscle of the tongue is not innervated by CN XII and what is it innervated by?
Palatoglossus (CN X)
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What nerve carries general sensation from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Lingual nerve (branch of V3)
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What nerve carries taste from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?
Chorda tympani (CN VII)
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What nerves carry general sensation and taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?
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What salivary gland is the largest and which one produces the most saliva?
- Largest - Parotid
- Most saliva - Submandibular
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What are the three salivary glands?
- Parotid
- Submandibular
- Sublingual
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How many molars, premolars, canines, and incisors are in each quadrant?
- 3 molars
- 2 premolars
- 1 canine
- 2 incisors
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What type of joint does the aveolar bone have?
Gomphosis
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Where are the pressoreceptive nerve endings for the teeth?
periodontium
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