Which force binds atoms together to form molecules?
B) electrical
Two charged particles repel eachother with a force F. If the charge of one of the particles is doubled and the distance between them is also doubledd, then the force will be
A) F/2
Electrons not moving is called _______.
ELECTROSTATICS
When electrons move, it is known as _______.
ELECTRICITY
What is the smallest particle of an element?
An ATOM
Why does putting your finger on an electroscope stop the hairs from standing up.
Because your hand GROUNDs the charge, causing it to NEUTRALIZE.
Objects that allow electrons to pass through them easily are called _________.
CONDUCTORS
Objects that don't allow electrons to pass through them easily are called _________.
INSULATORS
What is a SEMICONDUCTOR?
'Tis a METALLOID that is NOT a good CONDUCTOR or INSULATOR.
Why is a PVC pipe not a SUPERCONDUCTOR?
Because they eventually distribute their energy to the air if left alone, loosing their charge
Rubber, Plastic, and Ceramic are all examples of a __________.
B) insulator
What is one example of a SEMICONDUCTOR?
SILICON
SILICON is an example of a _________.
B) semiconductor
Where are SEMICONDUCTORs be useful? Why might they be useful there?
ELECTRONICS, because they conduct less electricity then superconductors, and thus are SAFER (you don't want to get zapped with an iPhone)
What is a SUPERCONDUCTOR?
a conductor that looses no energy.
Charging by TOUCHING is known as ______________.
CONDUCTION
Charging without touching is known as _________.
INDUCTION
Charging by rubbing is known as __________.
FRICTION
What type of charging might occur between an ELECTRON and a neutral atom?
INDUCTION
__________ is when an atom takes electrons because it is more interested in gaining electrons.
ELECTRON AFFINITY
When rubbing FUR against a PVC pipe, why does the PVC pipe become NEGATIVE and the FUR positive?
because the PVC PIPE has more ELECTRON AFFINITY.
What does Coulomb's Law state?
That the ELECTRIC FORCE BETWEEN TWO OBJECTS is directly proportional to the QUANTITY OF CHARGE ON THE OBJECTS.
What to things does ELECTRIC FORCE depend on?
1. Whether the charged objects are charged with a like charge or opposite charge
2. Spacial orientation of the objects
_________ makes the stickyness of STATIC CLING POSSIBLE.
INDUCTION
ELECTRIC FIELD = _____ / _______, which is expressed in _______ / ______
FORCE / CHARGE, Neutons (N) / Coulombs (C)
VOLTAGE = ______ / _______
ENERGY, CHARGE
What happens when the ends of a conducting material are at the same temperature?
The flow STOPS.
What happens when the ends of a conducting material are at different temperatures?
Heat energy flows from the HIGHER temperature to the LOWER temperature.
When the ends of an electrical conductor are at different potentials, it is known as __________.
POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE
If you connect a Van de Graff generator to one end of a wire, and the other end to the ground, why will the surge of charge that flows through the wire be brief?
because the sphere of the Van de Graff generator will shortly get to a COMMON POTENTIAL with the ground.
In metal wires, ________s do not move.
PROTON
In metal wires, what makes up the flow of charge.
ELECTRONS
What makes up the flow of charge in conducting fluids?
POSITIVE IONS and NEGATIVE ELECTRONS
What is the only condition in which charges flow
IF THEY ARE PROMPTED TO DO SO.
What must a good pump in an electric circuit do?
it must MAINTAIN A STEADY FLOW OF ENERGY
How do generators separate charge?
by ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION
How do BATTERIES separate charge?
by chemically disintegrating zinc or lead,
using the energy stored in the chemical compounds to convert to electric potential energy
What is the SI unit of ELECTRIC POTENTAIL DIFFERENCE?
the VOLT
what two things does the amount of CURRENT depend on?
1. VOLTAGE
2. amount of RESISTANCE that the conductor offers to the flow of charge.
Thick wires have _______ (less/more) resistance than thin wires.
LESS
Longer wires have ________ (less/more) resistance than shorter wires.
MORE
as temperature INCREASES, resistance __________.
A) increases
the flow of electrons is known as ___________.
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
the slowing/limitation of electric charge is known as ________.
RESISTANCE
________ flows through a battery, while ________ flows across a battery.
D) charge, voltage
In what kind of circuit are there multiple paths for the flow of charge?
a PARALLEL CIRCUIT
a series circuit with two batteries has ______ (more/less) voltage and ________ (larger/smaller) current than a series circuit with one battery.
MORE, LARGER
What conditions must occur in order to recieve electric shock?
there must be a DIFFERENCE in ELECTRIC POTENTIAL between one part of your body and another.
Current will pass along the path with the _______ (most, least) electrical resistance.
LEAST
Why do birds not get hurt when they perch atop wires?
Because they haven't touched another object with a different potential.
What are the four effects of electric shock on the human body?
1. OVERHEATS TISSUES
2. DISRUPTS NORMAL NERVE FUNCTIONS
3. UPSETS RHYTHMIC ELECTRICAL PATTERNS THAT MAINTAIN PROPER HEARTBEAT
4. UPSETS THE NERVE CENTER IN CHARGE OF RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS
The flowing of charges in one direction is known as ______________.
DIRECT CURRENT
Batteries produce _________ current.
A) direct
B) alternating
A) direct
When electric charges vibrate about relatively fixed positions in a back and forth motion, it is known as ___________.
