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Science: Classification of Living Things

  1. Why do people classify things?
    (4)
    • 1. To be organized
    • 2. To find things easier
    • 3. To group similar things together
    • 4. To assign scientific names to organisms
  2. Who became classifying living things 2,000 years ago?
    Aristotle
  3. How did Aristotle group things?
    • 2 Main Groups:
    • Plants and Animals
  4. How did Aristotle organize animals?
    (3)
    • 1. Those that fly
    • 2. Those that swim
    • 3. Those that live on land
  5. He grouped organisms together that shared similar characteristics
    Linnaeus's System of Classification
  6. What is an example of Linnaeus's System of Classification?
    All warm-blooded animals were grouped together
  7. The evolutionary history of an organism or how it's changed over time
    Phylogeny
  8. What are the 7 levels of Classification?
    • 1. Kingdom (largest)
    • 2. Phylum
    • 3. Class
    • 4. Order
    • 5. Family
    • 6. Genus
    • 7. Species (smallest)
  9. What is special about the smallest level of Classification?
    Species can breed with one another
  10. What are the 7 Levels of Classification of Humans?
    • Animalia
    • Chordata
    • Mammalia
    • Primates
    • Homonidae
    • Homo
    • Sapien
  11. A 2 word naming system was given to all organisms
    Binomial Nomenclature
  12. What's the scientific name for a Red Maple?
    What does the 2nd word mean?
    Acer Rubrum

    Rubrum= Red
  13. What is the first word in a Binomial Nomenclature?
    Genus name
  14. Similar Group of Species
    Genus
  15. Tells something specific about the organism
    Species
  16. What is the 2nd name in a Binomial Nomenclature?
    Species
  17. Why even use Scientific Names?
    (4)
    • 1. Avoid making mistakes
    • 2. Organisms with similar evolutionary history are classified together
    • 3. They describe the organism
    • 4. Helps with organization
  18. How do you identify organisms?
    Dichotomous Key
  19. A list of characteristics that you use to identify an organism
    Dichotomous Key
  20. What are the 5 Kingdoms of Classification?
    • 1. Monerans
    • 2. Protista
    • 3. Fungi
    • 4. Plantae
    • 5. Animalia
  21. All bacteria are what?
    Prokaryotic (have no nucelus)
  22. How are Monerans classified?
    By shape and where they live
  23. 3 Shapes of Monerans?
    • Spirilla (spiral)
    • Cocci (round)
    • Bacilli (rod)
  24. 2 examples of Monerans?
    archaebacteria and eubacteria
  25. Consists of all single-celled Eukaryotic (has a nucleus) organisms
    Protista
  26. 4 Examples of Protista?
    • Amoeba
    • Euglena
    • Parameclum
    • Volvox
  27. Multi-Cellular heterotrophic (can't make their own food) organisms
    Fungi
  28. What are 4 examples of Fungi?
    • Blue Cheese
    • Mold
    • Yeast
    • Athlete's Foot
    • Mushrooms
  29. Multi-cellular autotrophic (organism that make their own food)
    Plantae
  30. What does Plantae lack?
    The ability to move
  31. Organisms that are heterotrophic, muti-cellular, eukaryotic, and have the ability to move
    Animalia
  32. What are the 2 categories of Animalia?
    Vertebrate and Invertebrates
  33. Animals without backbone
    Invertebrates
  34. Animals with a backbone
    Vertebrate
  35. 8 Invertebrate Animal Phyla
    • Porifera
    • Cnidarians
    • Platyhelminthes
    • Nematoda
    • Mollusk
    • Annelida
    • Arthropoda
    • Echinodermata
  36. What does Porifera mean?
    Porebearing
  37. Example of Porifera
    Sea Sponge
  38. Sessile (attatched to ocean floor)
    Heterotrophic
    Porifera
  39. Stinging cells-Nematocysts
    Cnidarians
  40. 2 examples of Cnidarians
    • Coral Reef
    • Jellyfish
  41. Flatworms?
    Platyhelminthes
  42. Most are parasitic except for Planaria
    It's head is called a Scolex
    Platyhelminthes
  43. All are parasitic
    Nematoda
  44. Roundworms?
    Nematoda
  45. 3 Examples of Nematoda?
    • Liver Flukes
    • Pin Worms
    • Heart Worms
  46. Tastiest invert animal phyla
    Mollusk
  47. 3 Examples of Mollusks
    • Clams
    • Squid
    • Snails
  48. All have a shell whether internal or external
    Have soft body
    All have a "foot" used for different purposes
    Mollusk
  49. What do these Mollusks use their "foot" for?:
    Clam
    Snail
    Squid
    • To dig
    • To move on
    • Made into tentacles
  50. Little rings
    Annelida
  51. What are 2 examples of Annelida?
    • Earthworms
    • Leeches
  52. Jointed Appendages
    Arthropoda
  53. Largest Invertebrate animal phylum
    Arthropoda
  54. When stepped on they crunch
    Anthropoda
  55. All insects
    Arthropoda
  56. What is the one main characteristic of any Arthropoda?
    Exoskeleton
  57. Spiny Skin
    Echinodermata
  58. What is the Characteristic of Echinodermatas?
    Internal Skeleton
  59. What are 3 examples of Echinodermatas?
    • Starfish
    • Sand dollars
    • Sea urchins
  60. What was the problem with Aristotle's classification system?
    Give an example:
    Some animals fit into more than 1 category.

    -Ducks live on land, swim, and fly.
Author
LaurenCamp29
ID
222245
Card Set
Science: Classification of Living Things
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