severe allergic reaction involving 2 or more body systems
What are the indications for epi-pen?
pts is showing s/s of an anaphylaxis: respiratory distress OR shock OR difficulty swallowing (throat swallowing) and consents to treatment
What are the two things you need to do after restraining a pt?
upgrade ALS
contact Law Enforcement
What causes croup?
virus in the upper airway
What are the s/s of croup?
"seal-like" barking cough
difficulty swallowing
wheezing
fever
SOB
What is the treatment for croup?
Cold O2 and transport
What is dysarthria?
slurred speech
What is ischemia?
lack of perfusion to the tissues
What is hypoxia?
lack of oxygen to the tissues
List the three components of the pediatric assessment triangle.
Work of breathing
general appearance
circulation of skin
List the 4 circumstances under which spinal immobilization should be applies instead of using the spinal immobilization decision tool
altered mental status
there is a language barrier
under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs
evidence that an elderly pt struck his head in a fall
Define pulmonary edema
a build up of fluid in the lungs
What is the treatment for a sucking chest wound?
give O2
cover with occlusive dressing, unless respirations decrease or become inadequate then remove and roll pt on affected side
List the 6 criteria for checking a femoral pulse
Pulsating mass in abdomen
Non-traumatic back pain
Pelvic Pain
Abdominal pain
No distal pulses
BP below 90 systolic
List the contraindications for the administration of nitro.
pts taking viagra, cialis or levitra in past 48 hrs
heart rate less than 50
heart rate more than 100
systolic BP less than 100
Under what circumstances would you consider administration of albuterol?
treatment for moderate to severe bronchospasm
repeat treatments as needed for symptoms of respiratory distress
s/s of hyperkalemia
Define ACS
Acute Coronary Syndrome
A term used for any condition brought on by sudden, reduced blood flow to the heart (cardiac ischemia)
List the indications for the administration of nitro.
Chest discomfort from ACS
Symptoms similar to previous cardiac event
List the three main erectile dysfunction medications.
Viagra
Cialis
Levitra
List two other names for albuterol
Proventil
Ventolin
List the signs of respiratory distress in pediatric patients
nasal flaring
use of intercostal muscles
cyanosis
decreased LOC
If you suspect child abuse, describe the steps to fulfill your mandatory reporting criteria
call 1-866-END-HARM
call law enforcement
Define Neonate
birth to 30 days
Define infant
30 days to 1 y/o
Define a child
1y/o to puberty
What is the ventilation to compression ratio in neonatal CPR?
1:3
What is the ventilation to compression ratio in infant CPR? (one person)
2:30
What is the ventilation to compression ratio in infant CPR? (two person)
2:15
What is the ventilation to compression ratio in child CPR? (one person)
2:30
What is the ventilation to compression ratio in child CPR? (two person)
2:15
What is the compression rate for neonatal CPR?
120 compressions per minute
What is the compression rate for infant CPR?
100 compressions per minute
What is the compression rate for child CPR?
100 compressions per minute
What is the hand placement for infant CPR?
two thumb-encircling hands technique - place both thumbs side by side in the center of infants chest on the lower half of the breastbone
What is the hand placement for neonatal CPR?
two fingers midline, one finger width below the nipples
What is the hand placement for child CPR?
one palm between the nipples, midline, lower half of the sternum
What is the depth of compressions for neonatal CPR?
1/3 depth of the chest
What is the depth of compressions for infant CPR?
1/3 depth of the chest
What is the depth of compressions for child CPR?
1/3 the depth of the chest
What does the mnemonic "Do What Probably Seems Simple" stand for?
dry
warm
position
suction
stimulate
You are seeing an infant with a pulse rate of less than 60 with signs of poor perfusion. What is your treatment?
begin CPR with ventilations
Describe the steps to secure a pediatric trauma patient to the backboard.
1. Do no harm - don't cause the child to cry or react in a way that could cause more harm than good (hyperventilation, pulling away and causing further injury)
2. Use C-collar if child will allow, and if not, use blanket/towel rolled around neck and crossed over front of chest
3. Move onto back board by log rolling and pad under torso and around extremities to prevent movement
*If child is in carseat, consider using carseat as spinal immobilization and pad all around child to immoblize
What is the treatment for a pt with suspected CO2 poisoning?
treat life threats after removing pt from IDLH
high flow O2/maintain airway/support ventilation (O2 provided will take time to have effect)
Rapid transport
What is the difference between anaphylaxis and anaphylactic shock?
Anaphylaxis is an exaggerated immune response involving 2 or more systems
Anaphylactic shock is an exaggerated immune response involving 2 or more systems with hypoperfusion
What are the causes for altered behavior?
AEIOUTIPPS (list them)
What are the indications to administer an epinephrine auto-injector?
pt is displaying signs or symptoms of anaphylaxis: respiratory distress OR shock OR difficulty swallowing and consents to treatment
True/False: Prior to restraining a combative pt, law enforcement and paramedics must be on scene.
