-
hypomania
- less than 4 days
- no hospitalization required
-
1st line agent for mania
- lithium
- lamotrigiene
- olanzapine
- quietapine
-
best initial test for mono?
most accurate?
- heterophile monospot test
- evc-anitbody test
-
signs of opiod withdrawal?
rhinoorzea, abdominal carmping, pupil dilation
-
ludwigs angina?
infection of submandibular/sublingual glands secondary to infected teeth
-
5 types of schizophrenia?
- paranoid
- disorganized
- residual
- catatonic
- undifferentiated
-
crystalloids are what? albumin or normal saline?
normal saline
-
most common side effect of epidural anesthesia?
blocking of sympathetic chains leading to venous pooling and hypotension
-
5 t's for masses in anterior mediastinum?
- thymoma
- thyroid
- terrible lymphoma
- thoracic aorta
- teratoma
-
middle mediastinum structures?
habit
- hematoma
- aneurysm
- bronchogenic cyst
- inflammation of l.nodes
- tumor of trachea
-
risk factors for cervical incompetence?
- preterm birth
- obstetrical history
- leep or cone biopsy
-
most accurate test to check for cervix competence?
transvaginal ultrasound
-
rx for croup vs epiglottitis?
croup-racemic epi
epiglottitis--intubation
-
what vitamin deficiency leads to seborheaic dermatitis?
vit b 2
-
what organic test is 50% abnormal in alzheimers?
dexamethasone suppression test
-
what symptoms must a pt with alzehiemrs exhibit?
- gradual memory loss +
- apraxia
- agnosia
- aphasia
-
cause of conjunctivitis taht results in inflammatory follicles and neovascularization?t
trachoma--chlamydia
-
what kind of conjunctivits does trachoma cause?
inflammatory follicles with neovascularization
-
herpes simplex keratitis presents how?
dendritic ulcer
-
presentation of a posterior elbow dislocation?
olecranon process is displaced behind the distal humerus
-
dirty wound and possible tetanus infection, next step in management/>
td booster only if vaccination is less than 8 years
-
chronic ankylosing spondylitis poses a risk for?
vertebral fractures
-
colonoscopies for pts with uc?
8 years after diagnosis and then annually
-
what two drugs inhibit calcineurin?
-
side effect of cyclosporine?
- nephrotoxicity
- neurotoxicity
- gum hyperplasia
-
what two drugs cause gum hyperplasia?
-
toxicity of mycophenolate?
toxicity of azathioprine
- bone Marrow suppression
- diarrhea, bone marrow suppression
-
paralytic used in kidney and liver failure?
atracurium
-
normal urine specific gravity?
1.003
-
primary polydypsia is common among what patients?
schizophrenic
-
foul smelling sputum, rx?
anaerobes and clindamycinw
-
what is albright hereditary osetodystrophy?
pseudohypoparathyrodism
-
albright hereditary osteodystrophy symptoms?
- short stature
- short forth finger
- hypocalcemia, hyperphophatemia and high pth
-
rx for crptococcoal, histoplasmosis meningitis?
amphotericin + flucytosine
-
rx for coccidiomycosis lung infection?
rx for histo/blastomycosis lung infection?
fluconazole
itraconazole
-
induction therapy for cryptococcus meningitis?
maintenance?
amphotericin + flucytosine
itraconazole is maintenenace
-
who has the right to medical records?
the physician and the patient has the right to copies
-
risk factors for nasopharyngeal carcinoma?
- ebv
- smoking
- nitrosamines in food
-
most useful parameter used in determining the fetal weight in the case of fetal growth restriction?
abdominal circumference
-
what is the best test to distinguish between symmetric and assymteric growth restriction?
head to abdomen circumference ratio
-
symmetric growth restriction occurs before how many weeks?
asymmetric?
-
what are the tests performed in the 1st trimester?
2nd trimester?
cvs
- quadruple screen
- amniocentesis
- percutaneous umbilical blood sampling
-
what are the components of the full integrated test?
- ultrasound measurment of nuchal translucency
- +
- PAPP-A in second trimester from the maternal blood
-
chorionic villi sampling poses what risk for the fetus?
limb reduction defect
-
most common cause of infertility in a woman >35 years old?
decreased ovarian reserve-not enough occytes!
-
3 tests to test for infertility of agins?
- clomiphene test
- fsh level
- inhibin level
-
turcott vs gardner syndrome?
- turcot--tumors in the brain plus polyps in gi
- gardners--tumors of bone, fat plus polyps in gi
-
who requires annual influenza shots?
every adult
-
whats is the pap smear guideline for women over 30?
every 3 years if she had 3 consecutive negative pap smears
-
when do you do latex agglutination test for bacteria?
if antibiotics were given first
-
what is the most common cause of orbital cellulitis?
bacterial sinusitis
-
causes of cavitation on lung?
- tb
- nocardia
- coccidiomycosis
- gram - rods
-
most common cause of a communicating hydrocephalus in a neonate?
non communicating?
- sah
- dandy walker--4th ventricle
- arnold-chiari--tonsills in foramen magnum
-
most common presentation of pe?
- tachypnea
- tachycardia
- hypoxemia
-
clots can arise from which part of the lower extremity?
what is the most common source?
above and below
above the knee
-
ego dystonic vs ego synstonic?
syntonic--the person has a Symbiotic relationshiop with the disorder and it doesnt cause them distress
-
when do you give post exposure prophylaxis for rabies concern?
if the bite involves the head or the neck
-
what prevents inh induced liver toxicity?
nothin, vit b6 is for neuropathy
-
mode of hypercalcemia in hodking dz?
production of calcitriol
-
Difference between gestational trophoblastic neoplasia and choriocarcinoma?
gtn--local
choriocarcinoma is metastatic
-
most common cause of hip pain in children?
transient synovitis
-
next step in management if suspecting septic arthritis?
tapping the joint
-
moa of kayexalate?
promotes exchange of na for k and binds k since it is a k binding resin
-
alternative to contrast in ct procedures?
non-ionic contrast
-
choice of analgesia for severe pain regardless of addiction to opiod?
morhpine
-
most common side effect of epo in diabetics?
-
rx for cocaine induced ischemia?
-
1st line rx for prolactinoma?
when is sx done?
when is radiotherapy used?
- carbergoline
- when carbergoline fails
- when sx and medical therapy fails
-
most common caue of perforated esophagus?
endoscopy
-
most accurate test for perforated esophagus?
esaphogram
-
what drugs cause esophagitis?
-
most accurate test for leprsoy?
skin biopsy
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