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Echo 530

  1. What 2D findings would you see with endocardiofibroelastosis?
    LVHEndocardium --> thick fibroelastic coat = stiff restrictive heart
  2. Explain the differences seen between cardiomyopathy with and without a LVOT obstruction.
    Hypertrophy of myocardium without dilation of the ventricular cavity. Certain areas of the myocardium are more hypertrophied than others

    20-25% LVOT obstruction .....leads to CHF = poor prognosis
  3. Describe the systolic function seen with glycogen storage disease.
    Progressive deposition of glycogen in tissue (esp myocardiumM)

    Severe thick IVS, free wall, post LV wall and big paps

    Poor global LV systolic function d/t small LV cavity....
  4. Name 4 systemic diseases that have cardiovascular manifestations?
    • 1. HTN
    • 2. DM
    • 3. Pregnancy
    • 4. Chronic Renal Insufficiency
  5. Echo findings with HTN?
    Other anomalies?
    • LVH
    • diastolic dysfunction
    • later systolic dysfunction

    MAC, mild degree AO thickening, dilation of ascending AO & AI
  6. Findings with DM?
    • diastolic dysfunction
    • premature CAD
    • lipid disorders (HTN)
  7. Echo findings with Pregnancy?
    • 50% increased blood volume
    • mild increased chamber dimension
    • altered MV (TV) coaptation
    • small PE
    • pseudo WMA
    • benign arrhythmias
  8. Echo findings with chronic renal insufficiency:
    • elderly
    • HTN or DM (CAD)
    • MAC
    • LVH
    • small PE
  9. Name 3 common connective tissue diseases.
    • 1. Marfan's syndrome
    • 2. Systemic Lupus Erythematous
    • 3. Scleroderma
  10. Representative echo of lupus patient would be:
    • non-infective endocarditis (Liman Sacks Veg)
    • MC on MV nonmobile

    Inflammatory = leaflet deformity

    • Coronary vasculitis - global dysfunction which can mimic CMO
    • Acute pericarditis - PE
  11. Scleroderma aka
    Raynaud's Phenomenon = pulmonary arterial hypertension
  12. Facts about Marfan's and echo findings:
    • Cystic medial necrosis = degeneration of medial layer of AO
    • AO dimension of 55mm = indication for surgery

    • MVP
    • balloon sign
  13. Chronic liver disease aka

    Echo findings?
    cirrhosis

    • poor CO
    • RV dysfunction
  14. Sarcoidosis
    • Inflammatory multisystem disease
    • Global LV dysfunction (MR)
    • Granulomas seen in pericardium, conducting system or myocardium
  15. Hemochromatosis
    • infiltrative pattern similar to amyloidosis
    • dilated CMO
  16. Iron overload
  17. Muscular Dystrophy
    • Hypertrophic CMO
    • Dilated CMO
  18. Friedrich Ataxia is a slowly progressive disorder of the ______________ ______________ and muscles. Results in premature _____________ ______________ death.
    • nervous system
    • nerve cell

    • 5-20yrs
    • Dilated CMO
    • Posterior wall abnormalities
    • arrhythmias
  19. Hypereosinophilic
    • d/t leukemia
    • obliteration of LV or RV apex by laminar thrombus

    • 2 kinds:
    • endomyocardial fibrosis
    • Loeffler's endocarditis
  20. Sickle Cell Anemia
    • High output state
    • Dilated CMO
    • PHTN
  21. HIV
    • Endocarditis
    • Pericarditis
    • PHTN
    • Dilated CMO
  22. Diet drug valvulopathy caused:
    valvular heart disease
  23. Hyperthyroidism
    • Increase in total blood volume
    • Increase in LV contractility
    • Decrease in systemic vascular resistance
    • This all equals:
    • High output state
    • Increased stroke volume
    • Sinus tachycardia & atrial fib
  24. Hypothyroidism
    • Opposite to hyperthyroidism
    • PE
    • Most common = Hashimoto’s Disease = MVP & MR
    • More common than hyperthyroidism
  25. Effects of Advance Age
    Progressive angulation between the ascending aorta and the left ventricular outflow tract = Sigmoid shape to the proximal ventricular septum
  26. Define: Hypovolemia
    a blood disorder consisting of a decrease in the volume of circulating blood
  27. Define: Hypertension
    High blood pressure
  28. Describe the echo appearance of a patient with hypertension
    • LVH
    • diastolic dysfunction
    • later systolic dysfunction
  29. Other cardiac anomalies you may see with hypertension?
    • MAC
    • mild degree aortic thickening
    • dilation of ascending AO (lead to AI)
  30. What's one devastating complication of hypertension?
    ?dissection
  31. Define Diabetes Mellitis
    A medical disorder characterized by varying or persistent hyperglycemia
  32. Echo appearance of someone with DM?
    • diastolic dysfunction
    • LVH
    • LAE
    • dilated IVC
    • decreased inspiratory collapse
    • SOB
    • chest pain
  33. What's the echo appearance of someone who is pregnant?
    • Altered MV coapt
    • mild chamber enlargement
    • small pericardial effusion
    • pseudo wall motion abnormality
    • benign arrhythmias
  34. Echo appearance of a patient with chronic renal insufficiency?
    • MAC
    • LVH
    • small pericardial effusion
Author
lstaal1
ID
22089
Card Set
Echo 530
Description
CHD Functional Diseases
Updated

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