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Julius Caesar
Who, General and Dictator of Roman Empire
What, expanded Roman Empire to
When, 100 – 44 BCE
Where, Roman Empire and Egypt
Significance, was a great military leader and was stabbed in the back
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Spartacus
Who, roman slave
What, gladiator lead slave rebellion against roman republic
When, 100s – 70s BCE
Where, Rome
- Significance, folk hero that fought for freedom of slavery commanded army of 120,000 slaves
- against roman forces
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Teotihuacan
Who, Early settlers
What, nerve center of an empire that covered the valley of Mexico
When, 200 BCE – 500 CE
Where, Central Mexico
- Significance, In its prime a massive city state of almost 100,000 people and constructed some
- of the largest pyramid structure in the Americas and had great influence in other civilizations all over Mexico.
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Constantine
Who, Roman Emperor
What, First Christian Roman emperor and established Constantinople
When, 300s CE
Where, Eastern Roman empire what is now Asia Minor
- Significance, Was first Christian roman emperor and signed the Edict of man which proclaimed
- religious tolerance in the Roman Empire.
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Justinian
Who, East Roman Emperor
- What, extravagant emperor who thought big and somewhat expanded eastern Rome as well as build
- largest cathedral in the world at Constantinople
When, 500s CE
Where, Eastern Roman Empire what is now Asia minor
- Significance, Built the largest Cathedral but in the world but also re-conquest allowed the
- survival form barbarians invasions
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Axum
Who, capital of Ethiopia
- What, trading state where goods of Africa were traded also home to the biggest single block
- structures in the world, Stelae towers
When, 300s BCE
Where, Ethiopia
- Significance, It is significant because it was a major hub of trading of goods as well as the
- large stone structures that still stand today
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Tikal
Who, Mayans
What, largest and oldest city-state of the Mayan world
When, around 400 BCE
Where, Just above what is now Guatemala
- Significance, Tikal is the first settlement of the Mayan people who were a very advance
- people and civilization
-
Mohammad
Who, founder of the religion of Islam
- What, responsible for first saras of the Qur’an when met the arch angel Gabriel told him to
- “recite” and founded Islam
When, 500s – 600s CE
Where, Arabia
- Significance, the Islam religion and the Qur’an are still used today and it is important
- to know its history
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Year of the Elephant
Who, year Mohammad was born
What, ruler of Yemen road his elephants into Arabia in war
When, 500s CE
Where, Arabia
Significance, year Mohammad was born
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Cahokia
Who, Native American ancient city
- What, known for Monks Mounds were burial mounds, foundations for temples
- or for the houses of city officials and trading post
When, 600 – 1400 CE
Where, what is now Illinois
- Significance, a national historic landmark for the achievements of the earthworks of the
- mounds cultural center of Mississippi
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Chichen Itza
Who, greatest Mayan city state
What, home to immense great Mayan architecture and pyramids and art
When, 900s
Where, Mesoamerica, Mexico
Significance, greatest Mayan city state use it to learn more about Mayans
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Crusades
Who, Christian Europe
What, religious military campaigns
When, 1000s-1200s
Where, captured Jerusalem and Muslim holy land
- Significance, though easily neutralized and power was short lived they did establish
- Ayyubid and weaken Byzantine empire Also huge cultural exchange of European and
- middle eastern ideas and opened up trade route in the Mediterranean with Asia
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Scholar Bureaucrats
Who, civil servants appointed by emperor of china to perform day to day governance
What, had to take examinations and best scores got best jobs
When, 500 – 1200s CE
Where, China
- Significance, start of standardized testing and idea of educated work for and the best
- get the job
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Mansa Musa
Who, Mali Emperor
- What, He expanded Mali empire, captured gold and salt producing regions, secured trade
- routes and captured Timbuktu and Gao
When, 1300s
Where, Africa
- Significance, Could be the wealthiest ruler of his time and was all about gold and when
- brought it to Egypt he actually caused inflammation because he brought so much
-
Genghis Khan
Who, Emperor of Mongols
What, unites the five Mongol tribes and Mongol expansion
When, 1100s – 1200s
Where, Mongolia
- Significance, most known Mongol emperor that expanded and untied Mongolian tribe caused
- major campaign of power
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Black Death
Who, plague wiped-out millions of people
- What, bubonic infection coming form possible infected rats and fleas that passed it on to
- humans
When, 1300s
Where, spread all over Europe
Significance, a major historic disaster that effected all of eastern hemisphere
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Zhange He
Who, Chinese Muslim admiral
- What, Ming dynasty led naval expedition all over the Indian Ocean to show China’s flag and
- trade
When, 1400s
Where, Indian Ocean, China to India to Arabia to Africa
Significance, Largest flotilla in the world
-
La Navidad (1492)
Who, Settlement in Haiti
- What, Christopher Columbus sailed there with promise of gold and decided for the wrecked Santa
- Maria crew to make a settlement called La Navidad because it was discovered on Christmas
When, 1492
Where, Haiti
Significance, One of the first places Columbus went to on his voyage
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Constantinople
Who, Romans, Byzantine, and Ottomans
What, Europe largest and wealthiest city in the middle ages
When, 1400s
Where, Europe
Significance, largest and wealthiest city in Europe and religious capital for Catholicism
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Treaty of Tordesillas
Who, Spainand Portugal
- What, Divedup the new land discovered by Columbus
- Spain got everything to the West and Portugal got everything from the east
When, 1400s
Where,Mexico to South America
- Significance,this treaty is history of Spanish and Portugal control of the Americas
- -
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Columbian Exchange
Who, Eastern and Western hemispheres
What, widespread exchange of animals, culture, and plants
When, 1400s
Where, eastern and western hemispheres
- Significance, massive globalization of exchanging goods on world markets and causing a
- population explosion
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Sugar
Who, May have originated in New Guinea but spread all over Asia first
What, refined sugar popularity exploded
When, 1500s
Where, biggest refinery was in Brazil but sugar was popular all over the world
Significance, Sugar exploded in popularity and became the largest export
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Mocha
Who, Persians and Ottomans
What, center of coffee trade
When, 1400 to 1600s
Where, Yemen to all over the world
Significance, Mocha is the history of coffee and where it all began
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Guns, Germs & Steel
Who, Jared Diamond
What, why Europe got so powerful
When, 2000s
Where, Europe compared to the rest of the world
- Significance, Because Europe has guns germs, plants, animals, east-west alignment and
- steel when they came places the natives were fucked
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Hermán Cortés
- -
- Who, leader of conquistadors of Mexico from Spain
What, conquered the Aztec empire, appointed by Charles V
When, 1500s
Where, Mexico
Significance, Spanish conquistador how came to be Spanish influence in Mexico
-
Martin Luther
Who, German monk
- What, started
- protestant reform, tiered of the corruption in the Catholic church and called
- for justification with his document 95 theses
When, 1500s
Where, Europe
Significance, founder of the faction of Christianity Protestantism
-
Guangzhou
Who, Chinese city
- What, most important trade city, during the Ming dynasty and only chinese city that
- allowed foreign trade
When, 1800s
Where, China
- Significance, City responsible for trade of world goods and thus spreading good from all
- over the world in this market
-
Charles V
Who, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Spain
- What, speculated due to his extensive family tree and connections that he would be the last world
- emperor and uniting Europe
When, 1500s
Where, Rome, Spain, Europe
- Significance, Thought he would unite all of Europe but didn’t and had some how hella
- crazy family tree
-
Ottoman Empire
Who, Turkish speaking immigrants from central America
- What, began as small city state on the Byzantine empire, the last remnant of the roman
- empire captured Constantinople form Byzantine
When, 1400s
Where, Southern Europe (Belarus to Anatolia)
Significance, Last remnant of the roman empire and the major expansion in southern Europe
-
São Tomé
Who, Portuguese settlement
What, largest produce of sugar for Europe
When, 1500s
Where, uninhabited island of the West coast of Africa
Significance, biggest producer of sugar for Europe
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Triangular Trade
Who, Africa, Europe and North America
What, trading of world goods across the Atlantic ocean
When, 1700s
Where, Trading across the Atlantic ocean,
Significance, how shit from all over began to spread from all over
-
Russian American Co.
Who, Russian Czar Paul I
- What, charted trading post in Russia America which was Alaska and Aleutian Islands, all
- profits were to go to the Czar but the post fell apart due to lack of support form the Czar
When, 1800s
Where, Russia America
- Significance, How a Russian presence came to be in America through the settlement of the
- Russian America company.
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Mission San Luis Obispo
Who, Spanish
What, Mission set up in San Luis Obispo to spread Christianity to the natives
When, 1700s
Where, Central Coast CA
- Significance, missions in the bay area needed food because supply ship was late and went
- down to Los Osos area to get bears and later set up a mission in the central
- coast in San Luis Obispo
-
Essay #1
- Intro – My boss and I sit down to our lunch, which
- consist of fried chicken, potato wedges, corn and coffee to drink. I explain to
- him that thanks to the Columbian exchange. Upon the arrival of the Europeans to North America in 1492, there
- began a massive transformation in the global ecosystem resulting from the
- exchange of flora, fauna, and disease between the Old World and the New. Historian
- Alfred Crosby in his book of that title called this interchange of native life
- forms the Columbian Exchange.
- Chicken – Are originally form Eurasia with the oldest
- discovery of chicken bones in China. During the 1500s the Columbian exchange
- was in full effect chickens were brought to the Americas along with other
- animals. And now there are over 24 billion chickens in the United States.
- Potatoes – Are actually native to the Americas but
- were still traded across the Atlantic and can be found all over Eurasia and
- Africa
- Corn – Or maize is another native of the Americas but
- was still traded across the Atlantic and can be found all over Eurasia and
- Africa
- Coffee – Origins are from Eurasia, with Yemen more
- specifically Mocha being the first place a coffee drink was made and drunk. And
- now coffee and coffee related drinks are one of the most popular and most
- consumed beverages in America.
- Other – Due to the Columbian exchange there was a
- massive population increase due to the large influx of people immigrating and
- the acceptance of better diets due to the availability of different types of
- foods. But not only were plants and animals shared but also diseases like,
- smallpox, whooping cough, measles, and several others that were detrimental to
- those never exposed to such ailments. But without the Columbian exchange, which
- is merely, a primitive form of globalization the world would not be the way it
- is today.
-
Essay #2
- Intro – By the start of the 18th century
- Europe had caught and surpassed China massive economy and emerged as the
- dominant force in global economy. Jared Diamond movie consist of the tree
- factors that led to Europe’s domination, Gun, germ and steel.
- Germs – According to Jared Diamond, Europe’s location
- allowed it to become the super power it did. Europe was home to the best and
- most sustainable crops and plants such as wheat and a plethora of fruits and
- vegetables. Europe was also home to the most domesticable animals that were
- essential to an agrarian society.
- And the closes the Europeans share with the animals also allowed them to
- become disease resistant.
- Guns – Unfortunately like predicted Charles V was
- perceived to be able to unify the European empires politically. Unfortunately
- he did not. Thus according to William McNeill Europe was in a constant state of
- war among the gun power empires, Ottoman, Safavid, and Mughal empires. As the
- wars progressed so did the technology because of the competition to out do
- their opponents each empire tried to become more advanced thus sparked a major
- technological advancement. This new technology allowed Europe to become a
- greater force and unmatched in artillery.
- Steel – Lucky Europe was home to a massive resource
- of coal. And out of coal came the production of steel. Which started the
- Industrialization of Europe that made them a super power
-
Essay #3
- Intro – Europe was the first to industrialize not
- because of factors such as race, religion or culture but rather simply
- accidents and good luck. The factors that allowed Europe be the first to
- industrialize are: the accidental discovery of the New World, political
- division of Europe, and Europe’s natural resources.
- New World – Columbus accidentally discovered the
- Americas and with the discovery of them Europe was able to capitalize and
- expand across the Atlantic. The Americas gave Europe access to more land, which
- was desperately needed to the massive population increase as well as untapped
- resources of new crops.
- Division – If Charles V was able to unify Europe politically
- then the constant warfare that inspired massive artillery competition and
- advancement in technology would have not occurred as rapidly as it did. But
- since he was accidently unsuccessful it led to Europe advanced artillery
- technology to become dominant
- Natural Resources – Also Europe was home to massive
- natural resources of coal, which lead to the production of the steam engine and
- the entire industrial revolution. Another resource they had was silver and
- luckily china had an incredible demand for silver thus making Europe richer and
- more powerful.
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