The respiratory system part 1

the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs.

includes the nose pharynx and associated structures

includes the larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs

consists of a series of interconnecting cavities and tubes both outside and within the lungs.  These include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles and terminal bronchioles.  Their function is to filter warm and moisten air and conduct it into the lungs

consists of tissues within the lungs where gas exchange occurs.  These include the respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs and alveoli.  They are the main sites of gas exchange between air and blood.

is the portion of the nose visible on the face and consists of supporting frame work of bone and hyaline cartilage

• -warming moistening and filtering incoming air
• -detecting olfactory stimuli
• -modifying speech vibrations

is a large cavity beyond the nasal vestibule in the anterior aspect of the skull

posteriorly the internal nose communicates with the pharynx through these two openings

the space within the internal nose

the anterior portion of the nasal cavity.  It is surrounded by cartilage

a vertical portion that divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides

three shelves formed by projections of the superior, middle and inferior nasal conchae extend out of the wall of each nasal cavity. the conchae almost reaching the nasal septum subdivide each side of the nasal cavity into a series of groove like passageways called these

the olfactory receptors lie in this region of the membrane lining the superior nasal conchae and adjacent septum

is a funnel shaped tube that starts at the internal nares. It functions as a passageway for air and food, provides a resonating chamber for speech sounds, and houses the tonsils

the superior portion of the pharynx, it lies posterior to the nasal cavity.  The posterior wall contains the pharyngeal tonsil or adenoid. It exchanges small amounts of air with the auditory tubules to equalize air pressure between the pharynx and middle air

the portion of the pharynx posterior to the oral cavity. Has respiratory and digestive functions, serving as a common passageway for air food and drink.  Because it is subject to abrasions, it is lined with nor keratinized stratified squamous epithelial

the opening in the oropharynx.  The opening from the mouth

Tonsils found in the oropharynx

the inferior portion of the pharynx.  It begins at the level of the hyoid bone. Inferiorly opens into the esophagus posteriorly, and the larynx anteriorly.  The respiratory and digestive passageway

is a short passageway that connects the laryngopahrynx with the trachea.  It is composed of nine pieces of cartilage with varying functions.

consists of two fused plates of hyaline cartilage that form the anterior wall of the larynx and give it a triangular shape

is a large leaf shaped piece of elastic cartilage that. elevation of the larynx during swallowing causes this to move down and form a lid over the glottis closing it off

consists of a pair of folds of mucous membrane, the vocal folds and the space between them. the closing of this portion routes food and drink to the esophagus and keeps them out of the airway

is a ring of hyaline cartilage that forms the inferior wall of the larynx.  This is the land mark for making an emergency airway called a tracheotomy

these paired cartilages are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage.  They form synovial joints with the cricoid cartilage and have a wide range of mobility