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What is a bone?
An osseous tissue covered by periosteum
Osseous tissue
Supporting connective tissue composed of calcium salt;
A hard tissue that is relatively resistant to tensile and compressive forces.
Periosteum
Covering of the bone;
isolates
it from the surrounding tissue;
provides
for circulatory and nervous supply
Types of bones
Compact (cortical, dense)
Cancellous (trabecular, spongy)
Functions of the bone
provide
structural support for entire body
protects
organs and tissues of the body
serve
as levers that can change the magnitude and direction of force generated by skeletal muscles
provide
storage for calcium salts to maintain concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in body fluids
produced
blood cells
Bone Shapes
(LSFI)
Long bones
Short bones
Flat Bones
Irregular Bones
Where are long bones found?
In the appendicular skeletal system
Parts of a long bone
Diaphysis
epiphysis
epiphyseal plate
Diaphysis
central cycindrical shaft of the long bone;
What does the diaphysis consist of?
Compact bone surrounding a thin layer of cancellous bone;
Within the canellous bone like the medullary cavity, which is filled with yellow bone marrow.
What is yellow bone marrow?
The filling of the medullary cavity in the diaphysis of the long bone
Epiphysis
end of the long bone that articulates with adjoining bones
What does the epiphysis consist of?
(CRHA)
cancellous bone surrounded by a layer of compact bone;
Red bone marrow;
hematopoiesis;
articular cartilage
Red Bone Marrow
contained in the porous chambers of the spongy bone
Hematopoiesis purpose and location
Produces red and white blood cells and platelets;
occurs in red bone marrow.
articular cartilage
covering of the epiphyses that helps faciliate joint movement
Epiphyseal plate and location
Where growth of the long bone occurs;
the junction between the epiphysis and the diaphysis
Example of long bone
femur
humerus
Example of a short bone
wrist
ankle
Short bones
cuboidal in shape;
covered with articular surfaces that interface with joints
Flat bones
thin and relatively broad bones
Flat bone examples
bones of skull
ribs
scapulae
Irregular bones
Have mixed shapes that don't fit easily into other categories
Irregular bone examples
vertebrae
Author
elby317
ID
22023
Card Set
Bones
Description
Characteristics and types of bones
Updated
2010-06-04T19:54:21Z
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