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What is Classification?
A method of organising living things into groups.
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Living things are divided into 5 kingdoms, which two are missing?
Plants, Animals, ------- , protoctists,---------
Fungi, Prokaryotes
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Animals with a supporting rod in their back, belong to which phylum?
Chordata
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Vertebrates can divided into 5 groups, called classes, can you name them?
fish, amphibians,reptiles,birds and mammals.
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A homeotherm can maintain what?
Its body temperature, by a process of Homeostasis
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There are two types of variation, what are they?
Genetic and environmental
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The different heights of students in a class, is an example of which type of variation?
Continuous variation
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Name three ways a polar bear is adapted to suit it's environment?
- small surface area to volume ratio - reduces heat loss
- thick hairy coat - insulates it
- white fur - provides camouflage
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What is the theory evolution?
how organisms change from one generation to the next
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Who came up with the theory of evolution? What was the theory called?
- Charles Darwin.
- Natural selection
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What is an Allele?
A different form of the same gene eg if the gene is hair colour the alleles would be blonde, browm and red.
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How many chromosomes does a human cell nucleus contain?
46 = 23 pairs
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What do genes control?
The development of different characteristics eg eye colour
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How are dominant alleles represented?
A Capital letter
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Sickle cell anaemia is a genetic disorder, what are the symptoms?
Sickle shaped red blood cells, Tiredness, painful joints and muscles and fever.
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What happens if an individual has one sickle cell allele and one normal?
Sickle cell trait. Some red blood cells are affected
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What does homozygous mean?
That the individual has two of the same alleles e.g. RR or rr
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What does heterozygous mean?
Has two different alleles e.g. Rr
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If a mother has cystic fibrosis and a father is a carrier. What are the chances of their children having cystic fibrosis?
50% of the children will have cystic fibrosis and the other 50% will be carriers.
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What are the symptoms of cystic fibrosis?
They produce a thick sticky mucus. It can cause breathing problems, increased risk of chest infections, digestive problems and infertility.
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