-
The purpose of respiratory drugs is to:
relieve bronchoconstriction and increase ventilation and oxygen delivery at the cellular level
-
Brhoncodilators (albuterol) mechanism of action is what?
- selective Beta 2 agonist
- increase the levels of cAMP in B2 receptors
- Promote the release of insulin
-
Indications to use albuterol include what?
- bronchospasm associated with COPD/emphysema, and asthma
- acute bronchitis
- Hyperkalemia (off label)
-
What are contraindications for albuterol?
- Tachycardia (relative)-assess if tachycardia is from hypoxia
- tachyarrythmias
- severe heart disease
- heart blocks
- and seizure disorders
-
Common side effects of albuterol include what?
- palpitations
- tachycardia
- n/v
- tremor
- anxiety
- ha
- cp
- HTN
- and less common:
- hypotension
- hyperglycemia
- hypokalemia
- LA
- Bronchospasm when used with beta blockers
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Terbutaline is a ________
sympathomimetic
-
what is Terbutaline's off label use?
Used as a tocolytic
-
terbutaline's mechanism of action is ________
- selective b2 agonist
- relaxes uterine muscles
-
Terbutaline may cause________
- increased HR
- transient hyperglycemia
- hypokalemia
- arrhythmias
- pulmonary edema
- myocardial ischemia
-
the mechanism of action is the same as epinephrine but produces half the physiologic effects of epinepherine for this drug
racemic epinephrine
-
This drug is indicated in Croup but contraindicated in epiglottitis
racemic epi
-
what class of med is Ipratropium bromide (atrovent)
anticholinergic
-
Dries respiratory tract secretions and causes bronchodilation
atrovent
-
These drugs decrease inflammation by suppressing the activation/migration of polymorphonuclear leukocytes, reducing capillary permeability and stabilizes lysosomes
corticosteroids (methylprednisolone, solumedrol)
-
Treats severe status asthmaticus, inflammatory illness, allergic reaction, and adrenergic insufficiency and management of shock
solu-medrol (methylprednisolone)
-
Off label uses include exacerbation of COPD, management of acute spinal cord injuries, ARDS
methylprednisolone (solumedrol)
-
Solu-medrol side effects include:
- n/v
- fluid retention (decompensation in CHF)
- hypertension
- Hyperglycemia
- GI hemorrhage
-
Theophylline is used to treat______
bronchospasm secondary to restrictive airway disease refractory to other medication treatment an apnea associated with prematurity
-
Smooth muscle relaxant
Magnesium
-
Prolongs conduction time, stabilizes excitable membranes, is necessary for the movement of calcium, sodium, and k in and out of cells
magnesium
-
Magnesium is indicated in
- severe exacerbation of asthma
- eclamptic seizures
- premature labor
- reduce absorption of poisons from gi tract
- dysrhythmias secondary to digitalis toxicity and tricylic antidepressant overdose
-
magnesium is contraindicated in
- heart block
- addisons's disease
- severe hepatitis
-
potent alpha and beta adrenergic agonist that is
chronotrop, inotrop, peripheral vasoconstrictor, increased automaticity and conduction, and bronchodilation
epi 1:1000
-
Indications for epi 1:1000
exacerbation of ashtma, copd, anaphylaxis
-
increases blood flow to areas of lung that are ventilated to reverse v/q mismatching
Nitric oxide
-
effects are quickly deactivated once it reaches the bloodstream and reacts with hemoglobin which prevents vasodilation beyond pulmonary circulation
Nitric oxide
-
prolonged exposure to >2ppm of the byproduct (which is produced as it mixes with O2) of this drug can be injurious to the lungs
nitric oxide
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