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Categorical data
Data that are measured at a nominal or an ordinal scale.
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Database management system (DBMS)
A software package for building and manipulating database for such tasks as data input, search, retrieval, manipulation, and output.
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Feature attribute table
An attribute table that has access to the spatial data of features.
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Field
A column in a table that describes an attribute of a spatial feature.
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Flat file
A database that contains all data in a large table.
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Foreign key
One or more attributes that can uniquely identify a record in a table that is to be linked to a base table.
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Hierarchical database
A database that is organized at different levels and uses the one-to-many association between levels.
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Interval data
Data with known intervals between values, such as temperature readings.
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Join
A relational database operation that brings together two tables by using a key that is common to both tables.
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Many-to-many relationship
One type of data relationship in which many records in a table are related to many records in another table.
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Many-to-one relationship
One type of data relationship in which many records in a table are related to one record in another table.
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Network database
A database that is based on the built-in connections across tables.
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Nominal data
Data that show different kinds or different categories, such as land-use types or soil types.
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Normalization
The process of taking a table with all the attribute data and breaking it down to small tables while maintaining the necessary linkages between them in a relational database.
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Numeric data
Data that are measured at an interval or a ratio scale.
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One-to-many relationship
One type of data relationship in which one record in a table is related to many records in another table.
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One-to-one relationship
One type of data relationship in which one record in a table is related to one and only one record in another table.
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Ordinal data
Data that are ranked, such as large, medium, and small cities.
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Primary key
One or more attributes that can uniquely identify a record in a base table.
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Ratio data
Data with known intervals between values that are based on a meaningful zero value, such as a population densities.
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Record
A row in a table that represents a spatial feature.
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Relate
A relational database operation that temporarily connects two tables by using a key common to both tables.
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Relational database
A database that consists of a collection of tables and uses keys to connect the tables.
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Soil Survey Geographic (SSURGO)
A database maintained by the Natural Resources Conservation Service, which archives soil survey data in 7.5-minute quadrangle units.
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