A&P Seeley 2.4

• A proton donor
• Releases H+

• A proton acceptor
• Any substance that binds to (accepts) H+ ions is a base.
• Many release OH-

Refers to the H+ concentration in a solution

• pH of 7
• Has equal concentration of H+ and OH-

• pH less than 7
• Has greater concentration of H+ than OH-

• pH greater than 7
• Has less concentration of H+ than OH-

• Consists of a cation other than H+ and an anion other than OH-
• Formed by the interaction of an acid and a base in which the H= of the acid are replaced by the positive ions of the base

Positively and negatively charged ions

A solution of a conjugate acid-base pair in which the acid component and the base component occur in similar concentrations.

Regulate body fluid pH by resisting changes in solution pH when either acids or bases are added.

Bicarbonate, phosphates, amino acids, and proteins

Everything that remains of an acid after the H+ (proton) is lost

Is formed when an H+ is transferred to the conjugate base

When two substances are related by one being a conjugate base and the other being a conjugate acid.

• O2
• An inorganic molecule consisting of two oxygen atoms bound together by a double covalent bond

• CO2
• Consists of one carbon atom bound to two oxygen atoms by a double covalent bond

Organic molecules, such as glucose metabolize within the cells of the body and when the glucose breaks down the energy stored in the covalent bonds is transferred to other organic molecules and carbon dioxide is release.