Any substance that binds to (accepts) H+ ions is a base.
Many release OH-
pH Scale
Refers to the H+ concentration in a solution
Neutral solution
pH of 7
Has equal concentration of H+ and OH-
Acidic
pH less than 7
Has greater concentration of H+ than OH-
Alkaline or Basic
pH greater than 7
Has less concentration of H+ than OH-
Salt
Consists of a cation other than H+ and an anion other than OH-
Formed by the interaction of an acid and a base in which the H= of the acid are replaced by the positive ions of the base
When salts dissociate in water they form…
Positively and negatively charged ions
What is a buffer?
A solution of a conjugate acid-base pair in which the acid component and the base component occur in similar concentrations.
What does a buffer do?
Regulate body fluid pH by resisting changes in solution pH when either acids or bases are added.
Important buffers found in living systems have…
Bicarbonate, phosphates, amino acids, and proteins
Conjugate base
Everything that remains of an acid after the H+ (proton) is lost
Conjugate acid
Is formed when an H+ is transferred to the conjugate base
Conjugate acid-base pair
When two substances are related by one being a conjugate base and the other being a conjugate acid.
Oxygen
O2
An inorganic molecule consisting of two oxygen atoms bound together by a double covalent bond
Carbon Dioxide
CO2
Consists of one carbon atom bound to two oxygen atoms by a double covalent bond
How is CO2 produced in the body?
Organic molecules, such as glucose metabolize within the cells of the body and when the glucose breaks down the energy stored in the covalent bonds is transferred to other organic molecules and carbon dioxide is release.
Author
sunny03
ID
21839
Card Set
A&P Seeley 2.4
Description
Anatomy & Physiology text, Seeley, Ch 2 The Chemical Basis of Life, part 4/7