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What is the most popular type of stroke in todays population?
Ischemic Stroke
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This type of stroke is often a warning sign for an ischemic or thrombotic stroke?
Transient stroke
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This type of stroke is caused by a blockage from a clot or stenosis of a vessel from plaque buildup?
Ischemic Stroke
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This is a "large vessel" Stroke?
Thrombotic Stroke
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This is a stroke caused by a large occlusion of a large cerebral vessel by a blood clot?
Thrombotic Stroke
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This stroke is also known as a "mini stroke"?
Transient Ischemic Stroke
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This is a breif period of localized cerebral ischemia that cause neuro deficits lasting about 1 hr or less than 24hrs?
Transient Ischemic Stroke
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This is a cardiogenic stroke, usually caused by a clot from A-fib, ventricular thrombi, an MI, etc...?
Embolic Stroke
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This is "intracranial hemorrhage", occurs when cerebral blood vessels rupture?
Hemorrhagic Stroke
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This is when a loss of the visual field in one or both eyes?
Hemianopia
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This is the inability to recognize one or more subjects that were preveously familiar, may be visual, tactile, or auditory?
Agonsia
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This is the innability to carry out some motor patterns, even if strength & coordination are adequate (ex. drawing a figure or getting dressed)?
Apraxia
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This is also known as Broca's Aphasia?
Expressive Aphasia
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This is also known as Wernick's Aphasia?
Receptive Aphasia
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This is involved with motor speech, the ability to understand what is being said, but can only respond back in very short phrases?
Expressive Aphasia
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This is involved with sensory speech, when one cannot understand the spoken and sometimes written words, but may be fluent themselves talking, but with innapropriate content?
Receptive Aphasia
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This is paralysis of left or right half of the body?
Hemiplegia
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This is weakness of the left or right side?
Hemiparesis
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What is the " Give me 5 for stroke"?
To evaluate a persons walk, talk, reach, vision & feel
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Act _____ to detect stroke symptoms?
- F= Face (does it droop when they smile)
- A= Arm (does one drift down when held out)
- S= Speech (is speech slurred when they repeat simple sentence)
- T= Time (call 911 if any symptoms are present)
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This is the most common cause of lower back pain?
Slipped or Herniated disk
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This is a rupture of the cartilage surrounding the intervertibral disk with protrusion of nucleus pulposus?
Herniated or slipped disk
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What is NEVER given to a hemorrhagic stroke patient?
Anticoagulants
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What is a stroke caused from?
A sudden decrease of bloodflow to the brain
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What are some unmodifiable risk factors for Stroke?
Age, Gender, Race, Heredity
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Are males or females more likely to have a stroke? And why?
Females / Because of Hormones
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What race is more likely to have a stroke at a young age?
Hispanic
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What race is more likely to have a stroke?
African Americans
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Anticoagulant therapy can NOT be used for this type of stroke? (Coumadin, Heparin, Lovenox)
Hemorrhagic
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This is the most fatal type of stroke?
Hemorrhagic Stroke
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Describe Ischemic Stroke?
- -87% of all strokes
- - Cause by:
- Thrombus-Clot
- Emboli- Afib
- Stenosis- Plaque
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Describe TIA Stroke?
- -known as "mini stroke"
- - Duration is <1hr, then return to normal
- - No central infarct -penumbra only
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What happens during a hemorrhagic stroke?
- Vessels Rupture - in the intracerebral & subarachnoid
- Most fatal stroke
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What is hemorrhagic strokes caused by?
HTN, Aneurysms, Trauma, Anticoagulant Therapy
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If stroke on the left side, then you will have _____ deficit?
If stroke on the Right side, then you will have _____ deficit?
- If on the left, then right side deficit
- If on the right, then left side deficit
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What labs should be monitored for stroke patients?
CBC, CMP, FSBS, Coags
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To see a stroke through CT scan, do you do it with or without contrast?
CT scan without contrast
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If a patient had an ischemic stroke, how long does it take to show on a CT scan?
6-8 hrs post stroke
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If a patient had a hemorrhagic stroke, how long will does it take show on CT scan?
Immediatley following stroke
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Do not give Coumadin, Heparin, or lovenox for a _____ stroke? But it is okay if _____ stroke?
- Do not give - Hemorragic stroke
- Is okay - Ischemic stroke
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What type of therapy can be given if given within 3 hours of the onset of symptoms of a stroke?
Fibrinolytic Therapy/ tPa therapy
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What Fibrinolytic Therapy is used for Ischemic strokes?
tPa- it resolves the clot
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What are the requirements for tPa therapy after a stroke?
- Must be given within 3 hrs of onset of symptoms of stroke
- BP has to be <185 syt or <110 dia
- Must be >18 yrs old
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What surgical treatment if needed is done for stroke?
- Craniotomy - to remove hematoma or vascular repair
- Carotid Endarterectomy- prevent or restore blood flow
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What is the function of the spinal cord?
To transmit stimuli to and from the brain
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What is the spinal cord protected by?
Vertebra
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When the nucleus core protrudes into _____ _____ its compressing the spinal nerve
Annulus fibrosus
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What is the location of the lumbar area, that is commonfor lower back pain, and also caused pain in hip, gluteal, and thigh?
L4 or L5-S1
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What is most common for lateral herniation or degeneration?
Cervial Disk
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What procedure is a small incision in the back, to allow decrease trauma to the surrounding areas, while allowing for early ambulation?
Microdiskectomy
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What is it called when the nucleus is removed?
Diskectomy
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This is the removal of part of the vertibral bone called the lamina
Laminectomy
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Post op laminectomy, monitor LOC, and watch for _____, minimize stress on incision with a ______, assess for ____ leak?
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