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electromyogram (EMG)
a neurodiagnostic, graphic record of the electrical activity of muscle both at rest and during contraction; used to diagnose neuromusculoskeletal disorders (e.g., muscular dystrophy); usually performed by a neurologist
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magnetic resonance imagining (MRI)
a nonionizing (no x-ray) imagining technique using magnetic fields and radiofrequency waves to visualize anatomic structures; useful in orthopedic studies to detect joint, tendon, and vertebral disk disorders
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nuclear medicine imagining
radionuclide organ imagining
an ionizing imagining technique using radioactive isotopes
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bone scan
a nuclear scan (radionuclide image) of bone tissue to detect a tumor, malignancy, etc.
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radiography
an imagining modality using x-rays (ionizing radiation); commonly used in orthopedics to visualize the extremities, ribs, back, shoulders, and joints
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arthrogram
a radiograph of a joint taken after the injection of a contrast medium
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computed tomography (CT)
computed axial tomography (CAT)
a specialized x-ray procedure producing a series of cross-sectional images that are processed by a computer into a two-dimensional or three-dimensional image
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sonography
ultrasound imaging; a nonionizing technique that is useful in orthopedics to visualize muscles, ligaments, displacements, and dislocations or to guide a therapeutic intervention, such as that performed during arthroscopy
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