thera II test III infectious disease

the quntitative ability of an organism to cause disease

3 virulance factors

indirect contact route of transmission 2

respiratory droplet transmission 3

airborne transmission 3

water or food-borne route of transmission 2

environmental route of tranmission 2

3 key pathogen gram positive bacteria groups

3 key pathogen gram negative bacteria

3 gram negative cocci

1 gram negative coccobacilli

3 gram-negative bacilli (rods) GNRs

3 key pathogen fungi

4 steps process to using antimicrobial agents appropriately

3 (non-test) ways to confirm the presence of an infection

3 S&S of infection

which method of confirming the presence of infection can be the most specific

elevated in bacterial infection

elevated in viral, TB or fungal infection

increased in TB or lymphoma

increased in allergic reactions or parasitic infection

methods for obtaining blood cultures when pt spikes fevers

initiation of treatment prior to determination of a firm diagnosis

therapy with a culture test to identify the bug and sensitivities

3 concomitant medications for antimicrobials

what is the suseptiblilty ratio you are looking for on the antibiogram

4 drug factors when picking a therapy

2 toxicities present with almost all antimicrobials

4 cases when you might need combination therapy for broad spectrum of coverage due to mixed infections from mulitple organisms

6 drugs with 100% bioavailabilty for IV to PO switch

what does a coagulase test differentiate

what is a coagulase (+)

what is coagulase (-)

what is blood agar used to differentiate

a-hemolytic designates

b-hemolytic represents

gamma hemolytic represents

if D-test shows inducible resistance what don't you use

lactose non-fermenter bacteria

lactose fermenter bacteria

if you had conflicting results from a sensitivity test and an antibiogram, which one would you go off of

an example of a bug that is intrinsically resistant to a drug

an example of a bug that has acquired resistance

4 mechanisms of bug resistance

2 primary methods for antimicrobial susceptibility testing

lowest antimicrobial concentration that prevents visible growth of an organism after approximately 24 hrs of incubation in a specified growth medium

MIC cut-off values that signify a bacterial population as sensitive, intermediate or resistant

lowest drug concentration that kills 99.9% of an inoculum

what does it mean when the MBC exceeds the MIC by > 32 times

which 10 drugs cover MRSA

which antimicrobial don't you use for pneumonia

which antimicrobial don't  you use for UTI

which antimicrobial don't you use for P. aeruginosa

which drugs cover pseudomonas 9

what is the drug of choice of extended-spectrum b-lactamases (ESBLs)

Tx option for carapenem resistance

2 time-dependent antibiotic groups

4 concentration-dependent antibiotics

5 pharmacist's role with antibiotics

1 gram (-) coccobacilli