Which of the following ECG findings would indicate a possible pacemaker failure?
B. Pacemaker spikes without associated QRS complexes
On a properly calibrated ECG machine, 1 mV is equivalent to a height of _____ boxes.
B. ten small
Which of the following is the LEAST LIKELY cause of PEA?
D. hypertension
Which of the following is most commonly associated with multifocal atrial tachycardia?
B. pulmonary disease
An accelerated junctional rhythm has a rate between _____ and _____.
D. 60 - 100
A decrease in preload results in a(n):
D. decrease in cardiac output
The mitral valve is also known as the _____ valve.
B. left atrioventricular
An early sign of hyperkalemia is:
D. tall peaked T waves on an ECG
The pericardial sac normally holds about _____ mL of ______.
A. 25, straw-colored lubricant
The predominant effect of a drug with primarily alpha properties would result in which of the following?
A. vasoconstriction
Your patient is a 55 year-old male who is in moderate distress and complaining of chest pain. He states that he experienced an acute onset of left-sided crushing chest pain while playing basketball with his grandson. He complains of weakness and near-syncope with exertion. His skin is pale, cool, and diaphoretic. HR=40, BP=72/40, RR=20, SaO2=95%. The monitor shows a third-degree AV block. Which of the following is most appropriate?
A. sedation and transcutaneous pacing
A patient's ECG shows regular RR intervals of 0.48 seconds, a PR interval of 0.12 seconds, and a QRS of 0.08 seconds. This best fits the criteria for:
C. sinus tachycardia
Increased _____ does NOT occur due to increased venous return to the heart.
A. afterload
Which of the following is NOT a consideration when deciding to withhold resuscitative efforts?
C. patient's age
Which of the following is most likely to be associated with torsades de pointes?
D. concomitant use of an antidysrhythmic and antihistamine
Which of the following features distinguishes a PAC from a PVC?
A. a PVC is usually followed by a fully compensatory pause, while a PAC is not
A patient's ECG shows a rhythm at a rate of 40, regular RR intervals, a varying PR interval, and a QRS of 0.28 seconds. This best fits the criteria for:
D. third-degree AV block
A patient's ECG shows a rhythm at a rate of 42, regular RR intervals, a PR interval of 0.16 seconds, and a QRS of 0.12 seconds. This vest fits the criteria for:
B. sinus bradycardia
Which of the following best describes the physiology of anastomoses?
A. provide collateral circulation of the myocardium
Which of the following can be determined by lead II cardiac monitoring?
D. impulse conduction time
An action potential begins in a myocardial cell when _____ enters the cell, giving it a _____ charge.
D. sodium, positive
A positive dromotropic agent will:
C. increase the speed of impulse conduction through the myocardium
The most serious characteristic of PVCs according to the Lown grading system is:
C. R on T phenomenon
Slowing of the electrical impulse at the AV node is necessary to allow time for the _____ to fill with blood.
D. ventricles
At standard speed a 1 mm box on ECG paper represents _____ seconds.
C. 0.04
Artifacts such as muscle tremors can make assessment of a paced rhythm difficult because:
B. artifacts can obscure the pacer spikes
There are three large boxes between R waves on an ECG tracing. What is the heart rate?
C. 100
Which of the following arteries supplies blood to the left ventricle, interventricular septum, and portions of the cardiac conduction system?
D. left coronary
The thick middle tissue layer of the heart is the:
B. myocardium
A patient's ECG shows a rhythm at a rate of 64, regular RR intervals, a PR interval of 0.24 seconds, and a QRS of 0.12 seconds. This best fits the criteria for:
A. first-degree AV block
The appearance of a pathological Q wave on an ECG indicates the presence of _____ tissue.
D. infarcted
Which of the following describes the ability of a cardiac cell to propagate the electrical impulse to another cell?
A. conductivity
BNP is a hormone that is:
B. released when the ventricle is stretched
A patient with WPW may experience dysrhythmias secondary to a disturbance in what conduction pathway?
A. Bundle of Kent
Without careful management a patient with WPW may degrade into what lethal dysrhythmia?
