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Bacterio-cidal
- Any drug that permanently changes the micro-organism which kills it.
- Works by three different mechanisms:
- 1- Prevents substrate formation required for cell wall synthesis
- 2- Causes changes in permiability of bacterial cell wall (poke holes)
- 3- Inhibit the most important enzyme in the process of DNA/RNA synthesis and metabolism
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Bacterio-static
- Any drug that temporarily changes the micro-organism which stops it.
- Act on ribosomal subunits to reversibly inhibit protein
- or, Prevent growth of bacterial cells by altering metabolism
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Narrow spectrum
Active against only a few micro-orgamnisms
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Broad spectrum
Active against a wide variety of micro-organisms
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Common aspects of animicrobial care
- Cutlture before giving the first dose of meds
- Watch for any signs of an allergic reaction
- Watch for superbugs that are resistnant to med therapy
- Watch for N/V/D, ciff and other GI complications
- Don't kill the host, consider ABX as kidney killers
- some are ototoxic and damage the hearing
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Drug Drug interactions
- Warfarin - increases bleeding
- Reduce the effectiveness of oral contraceptives
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Cillins
- Have the greatest effect on gram+ bacteria
- Kills bacteria by weakening the cell wall
- Used commonly as first line treatment - broad spectrum
- Clavulanate increases efficacy - beta-lactamase resistant
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Cephalosporins
- Primary use for gram- bacteria infections
- Classified by 1 of 4 generations of sporins
- Gen 1= gram+ no CSF
- Gen 4= gram- and can enter CSF
- NO ALCOHOL
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What has a synergistic effect with cillins?
Aminoglycosides
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