The functions of the nasal cavity include ________.
warming, moistening, and filtering the air
Lymph vessels resemble these vessels of the systemic circulation.
veins
The function of B cells in the immune response is ________.
to produce plasma cells that make antibodies
The property of immunological memory is ________.
the ability to recognize and mount an attack on an antigen that was previously encountered
Antibodies ________.
are proteins composed of heavy chains and light chains
If you were to draw an antibody, how might you sketch out its basic shape?
as a "Y"
In the Ouchterlony test, where will a precipitate form when bovine serum albumin is mixed with the antibodies for horse albumin, bovine albumin, and swine albumin?
between the wells for bovine albumin and antibodies for bovine albumin
B cells provide this kind of immunity.
humoral
Since urine contains dissolved solutes, it has a ________ specific gravity than water.
higher
Glycosuria is characteristic of ________.
uncontrolled diabetes mellitus
Kidney stones are also known as renal ________.
calculi
Normal constituents of urine do not include ________.
glucose
Freshly voided urine ________.
smells slightly aromatic
________ indicates the presence of white blood cells or other pus constituents in the urine.
Pyuria
Pathological conditions that cause albuminuria include ________.
poisoning
The urine sample that you are testing has an abnormally low pH. Its pH was ________.
3.5
Which of the following is present in normal urine?
urobilinogen
________ always indicate(s) kidney pathology, whereas ________ may be present normally in small amounts.
Casts; crystals
What is the function of the ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra?
transporting or storing urine
Name the strong transparent covering that encases the kidney.
Fibrous capsule
Where does the ureter penetrate the kidney?
Hilum
T/F: The ureter, blood vessels, and nerves penetrate the kidney on its medial surface.
True
T/F: The fibrous capsule is a layer of adipose tissue that surrounds the kidney.
False
Which region of the kidney is the most superficial?
Renal cortex
Where does filtration of the blood occur within the kidneys?
Renal cortex
Where are the renal columns located?
Renal medulla
Identify the correct direction of urine flow from formation to exiting the kidney.
Cortex, medulla, renal pelvis, ureter
Which structure is found separating the renal pyramids?
Renal columns
Which of the following regions of the kidney is in contact with the fibrous capsule?
Renal cortex
A major calyx is a component of which of the following anatomical structures?
Renal pelvis
Where does the kidney filter the blood?
Renal corpuscle
What is the function of the renal pelvis?
Collects newly formed urine
T/F: The medullary pyramids contain collecting tubules (ducts) that travel towards the renal cortex, carrying urine to exit the kidney.
False
What physical properties of sperm make them particularly well-suited for their job?
They are very streamlined, their heads are compact and tiny, and they have tails that can propel them forward.
These hormones control the uterine cycle.
estrogen and progesterone
Human gametes contain ________ chromosomes; somatic cells contain ________.
23; 46
What happens at the end of the uterine cycle if fertilization has not occurred?
The corpus luteum degenerates.
Meiosis in males yields ________ gamete(s); in females, meiosis yields ________ gamete(s)
4; 1
The process of cellular division by which gametes are formed is called ________.
meiosis
The follicle produces the hormone ________, while the corpus luteum produces the hormones ________ and ________.
estrogen; progesterone and estrogen
When sperm and egg fuse, a ________ is formed.
zygote
This neck-like portion of the uterus leads to the vagina.
cervix
The superficial layer of the uterus, which sloughs off periodically in response to cyclic hormonal changes, is the ________.
