-
The instructions for
making new copies of a virus are
a. part of a
virus’s capsid.
b. coded in
proteins on the surface membrane.
c. coded in
either RNA or DNA.
d. found
only in bacteriophages.
c
-
What is the
basic structure of a virus?
a. DNA or
RNA surrounded by a protein coat
b. a capsid
surrounded by a protein coat
c. a
bacteriophage surrounded by a membrane
d. a tiny
cell surrounded by a cell wall
a
-
A lytic
infection concludes with the
a. insertion
of viral DNA into the host cell’s DNA.
b. production
of a prophage.
c. bursting
of the host cell.
d. production
of messenger RNA.
c
-
Bacteriophages
infect
a. other
viruses.
c.
any available host cell.
b. bacteria. d. cells
undergoing the lytic cycle.
b
-
Bacteria
and archaea differ in
a. whether
they have a nucleus. c. size.
b. the
makeup of their cell walls. d. whether
they have a cell wall.
b
-
Which of
the following may be members of the kingdom Archaea?
a. methane
producers c. eukaryotes
b. bacteria d. E.
coli
a
-
Which of
the following can survive either with oxygen or without it?
a. obligate
aerobes c.
facultative anaerobes
b. obligate anaerobes d. bacteriophages
c
-
. Some prokaryotes are able to survive unfavorable
conditions by forming
a. flagella. c. cocci.
b. capsids. d. endospores.
d
-
Biologists
think that prokaryotes living in extreme environments may be a good source of
a. food. c.
fertilizer.
b.
heat-stable enzymes. d.
carbon dioxide.
b
-
An unknown
disease or a well-known disease that suddenly becomes harder to control is
called
a. a
pathogen. c.
an antibiotic.
b. an
emerging disease. d.
a viral disease.
b
-
During what
process do prokaryotes exchange genetic information?
a. cell
division c.
conjugation
b. binary
fission d.
endospore formation
c
-
. Prokaryotes that break down dead organisms and wastes
are called
a. nodules. c.
producers.
b. nitrogen
fixers. d.
decomposers.
d
-
Which of the
bacterial cells shown in Figure 20–1 is a coccus?
a. A c.
C
b. B d.
none of the above
c
-
What three
characteristics are used to classify prokaryotes?
a. by size,
where they live, and whether they need air
b. whether they have cell walls, flagella or cilia, and
nuclei
c. how they
reproduce, where they get food, and whether they have DNA
d. by shape,
how they move, and how they get energy
d
-
During an
experiment, a scientist observed prokaryotes that lived near volcanic vents
deep in the ocean. The scientist MOST likely observed
a.
photoautotrophs. c.
heterotrophs.
b. chemoautotrophs. d.
photoheterotrophs.
b
-
The instructions for
making new copies of a virus are
a. part of a
virus’s capsid.
b. coded in
proteins on the surface membrane.
c. coded in
either RNA or DNA.
d. found
only in bacteriophages.
b
-
What is the
basic structure of a virus?
a. DNA or
RNA surrounded by a protein coat
b. a capsid
surrounded by a protein coat
c. a
bacteriophage surrounded by a membrane
d. a tiny
cell surrounded by a cell wall
c
-
A lytic
infection concludes with the
a. insertion
of viral DNA into the host cell’s DNA.
b. production
of a prophage.
c. bursting
of the host cell.
d. production
of messenger RNA.
d
-
Bacteriophages
infect
a. other
viruses. c.
any available host cell.
b. bacteria. d. cells
undergoing the lytic cycle.
c
-
. Bacteria and archaea differ in
a. whether
they have a nucleus. c. size.
b. the
makeup of their cell walls. d. whether
they have a cell wall.
d
-
Which of
the following may be members of the kingdom Archaea?
a. methane
producers c. eukaryotes
b. bacteria d. E.
coli
b
-
Which of
the following can survive either with oxygen or without it?
a. obligate
aerobes c.
facultative anaerobes
b. obligate
anaerobes d.
bacteriophages
d
-
Some
prokaryotes are able to survive unfavorable conditions by forming
a. flagella. c. cocci.
b. capsids. d. endospores.
c
-
Biologists
think that prokaryotes living in extreme environments may be a good source of
a. food. c.
fertilizer.
b.
heat-stable enzymes. d.
carbon dioxide.
b
-
An unknown
disease or a well-known disease that suddenly becomes harder to control is
called
a. a
pathogen. c.
an antibiotic.
b. an
emerging disease. d.
a viral disease.
d
-
During what
process do prokaryotes exchange genetic information?
a. cell
division c.
conjugation
b. binary
fission d.
endospore formation
c
-
Prokaryotes
that break down dead organisms and wastes are called
a. nodules. c.
producers.
b. nitrogen
fixers. d.
decomposers.
true
-
Which of the
bacterial cells shown in Figure 20–1 is a coccus?
a. A c.
C
b. B d.
none of the above
false
-
What three
characteristics are used to classify prokaryotes?
a. by size,
where they live, and whether they need air
b. whether they have cell walls, flagella or cilia, and
nuclei
c. how they
reproduce, where they get food, and whether they have DNA
d. by shape,
how they move, and how they get energy
true
-
During an
experiment, a scientist observed prokaryotes that lived near volcanic vents
deep in the ocean. The scientist MOST likely observed
a.
photoautotrophs. c.
heterotrophs.
b. chemoautotrophs. d.
photoheterotrophs.
true
-
What are protists?
a. prokaryotes that are part of Domain Archaea
b. eukaryotes that are not part of the plant, animal, or
fungi kingdoms
c. single-celled organisms that belong to the plant,
animal, and fungi kingdoms
d. single-celled eukaryotes that are part of the plant
and fungi kingdoms
b
-
What is one
reason why the classification of protists in one kingdom is difficult?
a. Some protists are unicellular while other protists
are multicellular.
b. Protists
more closely resemble members of other eukaryotic kingdoms than they do other
protists.
c. Protists
may be funguslike, plantlike, or animal-like, but they do not have
characteristics of more than one of these groups.
d. Because they are unicellular, protists fit better in
the two domains of prokaryotes.
b
-
Based on
Figure 21–1, which of the major groups of protists is MOST closely related to
plants?
a.
Amoebozoa.
b. Excavates.
c. Rhodophyta.
d. Choanozoa.
c
-
To move,
nonmotile protists depend on
a.
air or water currents and other organisms.
b. cytoplasmic projections.
c. cilia and flagella.
d. microtubules.
a
-
The
organism shown in Figure 21–2 is an example of
a. a flagellate. c. an amoeba.
b. a ciliate. d. a spore-forming protist
a
-
During what
process do two protists exchange genetic material?
a. cell division. c. conjugation.
b. meiosis. d. mitosis
c
-
In water
molds, what structure produces spores?
a. micronucleus. c. egg cell.
b. macronucleus. d. sporangium.
d
-
Many protists
alternate between diploid and haploid stages during their life cycle in a
process known as
a. alternation of generations. c. sexual
reproduction.
b. conjugation. d. asexual reproduction.
a
-
Phytoplankton are
only found at the surface of ocean waters because
a. they feed on tiny organisms living at the surface.
b. they are
an important food source to surface-dwelling marine organisms.
c. they require sunlight to carry out photosynthesis.
d. they cannot withstand the colder temperatures of deep
water.
c
-
Which of the
following predicts what might happen to a coral reef if protists disappeared?
a. Many animals would lose the shelter of the kelp
forests that make up coral reefs.
b. An algal
bloom would occur, and the decomposition of dead protists would remove oxygen
from the water.
c. Coral
animals would suffer from lack of food and the reef would be destabilized by a
lack of calcium carbonate.
d. Whales, such as baleen whales, that eat protists
would starve.
c
-
Which of the
following events might lead to an algal bloom?
a. Nitrogen-rich fertilizer washes off of fields into
the ocean.
b. Oxygen is
removed from ocean water by decomposition.
c. New
sewage plants remove more wastes from discharge.
d. The population of baleen whales increases.
a
-
Which of the
following protists gets nutrients mainly by absorbing molecules from other
organisms through their cell walls and cell membranes?
a. amoebas c. ciliates
b. water molds d. slime molds
b
-
Protists
living inside termites
a. infect the termites with disease.
b. prevent
the termite from digesting wood.
c. produce an enzyme that breaks down cellulose.
d. recycle nutrients by decomposing organic matter.
c
-
In a mycorrhizal
relationship, what benefit does the plant get from the fungus?
a. an energy source.
b. aid in
seed dispersal
c. products of photosynthesis
d. aid in the absorption of water and minerals
d
-
All fungi are
a. heterotrophic prokaryotes. c. autotrophic
prokaryotes.
b.
heterotrophic eukaryotes. d. autotrophic eukaryotes.
b
-
Most
protists are
a. prokaryotes. c. fungi.
b. single-celled. d. algae.
b
-
Scientists
developed the theory that protists and other eukaryotes evolved from
prokaryotes by studying
a. fossils
of multicellular eukaryotes.
b. genetic
and fossil evidence.
c. plants,
animals, and fungi.
d. today’s
single-celled organisms.
b
-
What
structures do protists such as amoebas use for movement?
a. pseudopods c. flagella
b. cilia d. spores
a
-
The
organism shown in Figure 21–1 is an example of
a. a flagellate. c. an amoeba.
b. a ciliate. d. a spore-forming protist.
a
-
During what
process do two protists exchange genetic material?
a. cell division c. conjugation
b. meiosis d. mitosis
c
-
How are
phytoplankton important to whales?
a. They are
eaten by some whales.
b. They
provide calcium carbonate for whales.
c. They
provide the whales with shelter.
d. They
recycle wastes into materials whales can eat.
a
-
In amoebas,
what structure stores food for a short period of time?
a. cilium c. plasmodium
b. gullet d. vacuole
d
-
All fungi
are
a. heterotrophic prokaryotes. c. autotrophic
prokaryotes.
b. heterotrophic eukaryotes. d.
autotrophic eukaryotes.
b
-
. A mushroom
is a
a. fruiting body. c. mycelium.
b. lichen. d. hypha.
a
-
An important
role of fungi in an ecosystem is
a.
photosynthesis.
b. breaking
down dead organisms.
c. making
alcohol.
d. killing bacteria.
b
-
Figure 21–2 illustrates an association of
a. a
cyanobacterium and a plant.
b. an alga or cyanobacterium and a fungus.
c. a plant and a fungus.
d. an alga and a plant.
b
-
Which of the following organisms is a multicellular
protist?
a. kelp c. diatom
b. Euglena d. archaea
a
-
In water molds, what structure produces spores?
a. micronucleus c. egg cell
b.
macronucleus d. sporangium
d
-
When the amoebas of slime molds join, they form
structures with many nuclei called
a.
plasmodia. c. spores.
b.
sporangia. d. zygotes.
a
-
Many protists have a life cycle known as
a. alternation
of generations.
b. conjugation.
c. sexual reproduction.
d. asexual reproduction.
a
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