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basophil
Gk, basis + philein, to love
anti-inflammatory
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eosinophil
Gk, eos, dawn, philein, to love
allergy and parasitic
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neutrophil
L, neuter + Gk, philein, to love
formed by bone marrow and released into the circulating blood
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mast cell
Mast, fattening; L, cella, storeroom
related to the basophil
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dendritic cell
branched like a tree, long filamentous
antigen trapping
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Macrophage
makros + phagein, to eat
WBC which eats disease containing organisms
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Natural killer cells
kill foreign substances and abnormal tissues
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Complement protein
- A substance that is produced by a predecessor protein or in response to
- the presence of foreign material in the body and that triggers or
- participates in a complement reaction
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B cell
comes from the bone marrow
produces antibodies
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T cells
come from the thymus gland
produces cytokine, CTL
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antibody
reacts with an antigen
"anti-toxic body."
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CD4+ T cells
helper cells
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antigen
substance that causes production of an antibody
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Cytokine
Greek ''cyto-'', cell; and ''-kinos'', movement
- are any of a number of substances that are secreted by specific cells of
- the immune system which carry signals locally between cells, and thus
- have an effect on other cells
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Diapedesis
to leap through
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phagosome
eat + body/ vesicle
a vacuole that contains the ingested matter of a phagocytic cell
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NK cells attack(cytotoxic granule release) when?
1. Missing self
2. induced self
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What is Missing vs. Induced self?
Missing: no MHC-1 inhibition
Induced: high expression of ligands for activation receptor allow activation to occur
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opsonization
to make (cells) more susceptible to the action of phagocytes
promote phagocytosis
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cytolysis
dissolution of cells, esp by the destruction of their membranes
make holes in the cell
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chemotaxis
- movement by a cell or organism in reaction to a chemical stimulus
taxis - a locomotor response toward or away from an external stimulus by a motile (and usually simple) organism
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1. dilation of arterioles, release histamine, chemotaxis
C3a, C4a, and C5a
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2. opsonization of microbes
C3b
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3. From MAC, cytolysis
C5b, C6, C7, C8, C9
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What is composed of more than 12 types of plasma proteins?
Complement system
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chemotaxis, cytolysis and opsonization
Complement system
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What are the two types of Adaptive Immunity?
cellular and humoral
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What is cellular immunity?
T- cells: thymus
thyme: a foreign(tissue) plant with infectious fungi, parasites
virally infected cells, fungi, parasites and foreign tissues
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What is humoral immunity?
humor= B humor is badly and extremely very infections
B cells- bone marrow
effective against bacterial infection and extracellular viral infection
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How long is time of infection for innate immunity? Adaptive immunity?
innate: 12 hrs.
adaptive: >5 days
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Generative lymphoid organs
thymus, bone marrow, stem cell
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Peripheral lymphoid organs
blood, lymph, mature T or B lymphocytes, lymph nodes, spleen mucosal and cutaneous lymphoid tissues
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epitope
a site on an antigen at which an antibody can bind
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What in the antibody recognizes the epitope?
antigen receptors
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