-
Corticosteroids =
Block or alter the chemical reaction associated with the inflammatory response
-
Salicylates =
- Aspirin
- block inflammatory response- Inhibit synthesis of prostaglandins
- antipyretic
- analgesic effect (pain-blocking)
-
Ibuprofen =
- NSAID - anti-inflammatory
- blocks 1 & 2 receptor sites
- mild-moderate pain/fever
- Rheumatiod arthritis
-
NSAID's contra-indications:
- Impaired Kidney
- Stomach ulcers
- Bleeding
- may interfere with diuretics
-
Acetaminophen =
- Tylenol
- Thermoregulatory cells of hypothalamus
- Vasodilation/sweating
- pain/fever (flu, cold)
- prophylaxis in children for DPT shots
- musculoskeletal pain from arthritis
-
Acetaminophen Contraindications/ Adverse Effects :
- Pregnancy / lactation
- Hard on Liver, not easily metabolized
- Hepatotoxicity (liver)
- Increase bleeding with oral anticoagulants
-
Anxiolytic =
Prevents feelings of tension or fear
-
Sedative =
Calm and make patients unaware on environment
-
-
Minor Tranquilizers =
Produce a state of tranquility in anxious patients
-
Benzodiazepine Agent/prototype drug=
Diazepam
-
Benzodiazopine Action =
acts on Limbic system and RAS (movement/motivation)
- Make GABA more effective
- Causes interference with neurons firing
-
Benzodiazopine Indications:
- Anxiety disorder
- Alcohol withdrawal
- Hyperexcitability / agitation
- Pre-operative relief of anxiety
-
Benzodiazopine pharmacokinetics :
- Lipid soluble and well distributed throughout the body
- Well absorbed from GI tract
-
Benzodiazopine contraindications/ Cautions:
- Psychosis
- Acute narrow angle glaucoma
- Acute alcohol intoxication
- shock, coma
-
Reversal agent for Diazopines:
Romazicon
-
Benzodiazopine drug-drug interactions:
Increase CNS depression with alcohol
-
Barbiturates agent/prototype =
Phenobarbital
- Inhibits conduction of the ascending RAS
- Depress cerebral cortex
- Drepress motor output
-
Barbiturate drugs are used in what settings?
- Pre-anesthesia
- Seizures
- Peak in 20-60 minutes
-
Contraindications of Barbiturates:
- History of addiction
- Respiratory distress
- Hepatic / Nephritis impairment
- Porphyria - accumulation of normal body chemicals
-
Barbiturates Adverse Reactions:
- Somnolence (sleepy more than drowsy)
- Ataxia (gait)
- Vertigo
-
Barbiturates Drug-Drug interactions:
- Increase CNS depressant with alcohol, antihistamines, and other tranquilizers
- MOA may increase serum levels
- Decrease the effect of anticoagulants, digoxin, oral contraceptives
-
Valum, Zanex, and Ativan are what types of drugs?
Benzodiazepines
-
Muscle spasticity =
- the result of damage to neurons within the CNS.
- stay stretched or damaged
-
This muscle reactant enters the muscle directly:
Botulinum Toxins / Dantrolene
BOTOX
-
Muscle relaxants work by ...
to Lyse or Destroy the spasm, they interfere with the reflexes causing the pain
-
Centrally acting muscle relaxants are used in cases of ....
- Spasticity
- Spinal injury
- Diesease
-
Muscle reactants are contraindicated in _________.
Cautioned with what conditions:
Rheumatic disorders
- Epilepsy
- Cardiac dysfuntion
- muscle weakness
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