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Normal rest & sleep
- State of physical & mentla relaxation while being alert & awake
- -mental
- -physical
- -individualized
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Normal sleep
reversible state of decrease perception & response
normal = 7-8 hrs
circadian = normal 24 hrs
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Coma vs sleep EEG
coma: flat, decreased O2 consumption
sleep: active, increased O2 consumption
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REM vs NREM sleep
- REM:
- -brain active
- -decrease musculature
- -25% of sleep
- -physiologically unstable
- NREM:
- - quiet brain
- - busy body
- - 75% of sleep
- - decrease VS
- - 4-5 cycles per night
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Stages of Sleep
- I: few minutes, easily aroused
- II: 10 - 20 minutes
- III: 15 - 30 minutes, delta waves
- IV: 15 - 30 minutes, not easily aroused
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Functions of Sleep
- restoration
- preservation
- REM: brain restoration & emotional healing
- NREM: physical growth & healing
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Intrinsic Sleep Disturbances
- Insomnia: difficulty attaining & maintaining sleep
- Narcolepsy: abnormal sleep tendency/ excessive daytime sleepiness
- Restless leg syndrom
- Sleep Apnea/ obstructive sleep apnea
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Extrinsic Sleep Disturbances
- Circadian changes
- Bruxism - grinding teeth
- sleep enuresis
- parasomnia - arousal disorder; night terrors
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Developmental factors
newborns: need 10-16 hrs, have long REM sleep but not deep sleep
young adults: long REM sleep but not deep sleep as the night goes on
elderly: more prone to have lseep disturbances
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Factors affecting sleep
- Nutrion
- Exercise
- Smoking
- Lifestyle changes
- environmental factors
- hospitalizatino
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