Music #3

  1. leitmotif
    • A musical phrase associated with objects/characters/feelings that adds
    • meaning to the text and adds psychological meanings to the characters
  2. etude
  3. study piece designed to improve a performers technique (like scales)
  4. song cycle
    • Made up of lieder: most often based on poems by some poet
    • Makes one grand narrative
  5. character piece
    • Not quite program music but still instrumental
    • Doesn’t set a series of events though
    • Suggests less indefinite idea
  6. virtuoso
    • Good at challenging things on instruments
    • With technical improvements in instruments, can play more crazy things
  7. polytonality
    Simultaneous sounding of two or more keys at once
  8. secon viennese school
    • Comprised Schoenberg and his pupils/associates
    • Expressionism
    • Fascination with the unconscious and people’s inner feelings
    • Center
    • = Vienna!
    • Extreme
    • feelings!

    Atonality
  9. gesamtkunstwerk
    • Total
    • artwork
    • The
    • music of the opera should completely merge with the words
    • An
    • opera should be one expansive experience – very into set designs/costumes


    Wagner
  10. Serialism vs. Atonality
    • Atonality:
    • without a key

    • Had
    • no organization though!
    • Freed
    • music

    • Serialism:
    • uses a series of values to manipulate musical elements

    • Twelve
    • –tone technique: outgrowth of atonality but had a strict unifying
    • principle
  11. musical nationalism
    • Ways
    • to represent their nation
    • Composers
    • wrote music based on folk music of the country
    • Dance
    • tunes
    • “other”
    • in opera (depicted foreign, exotic, other person)
    • symphonic
    • “other” (exotify the other in symphonic music too)
    • a
    • piece glorifying the homeland
  12. primitivism
    • The
    • early 20th century fascination with others (the past/other
    • places)

    • Exoticism
    • Another
    • way to do something new!
    • Another
    • response to romanticism
  13. peking opera
    • Musical
    • opera performance from late 18th century
    • A lot
    • of dialogue, dances, elaborate costumes,
    • Generally
    • about Chinese lore
  14. post romantic crisis
    • Composers
    • reacted against romanticism
    • They
    • were unsatisfied with romanticism – it didn’t solve their uneasiness
    • Crisis
    • of what to do after romanticism à
    • conveys angst


    Mahler, DeBussy, Primitivism, Neoclassicism
  15. Edwardd MacDowell
    American, virtuosic piano concerto
  16. Franz Liszt
    • virtuoso
    • pianist
    • Transcendentalist
    • Etude


    Tempestuous piano music
  17. Aaron Copland
    • More
    • mainstream approach in American music – American cultural topics!


    Arnold Schoenberg
  18. Arnold Schoenberg
  19. Part of the Second Viennese School
    • Very important expressionist composer!
    • Radically innovative

    Disliked tonality – came up with atonality, then the 12-tone system
  20. Charles Ives
    • First
    • Modernist that was distinctively American
    • Radical
    • experimentalist
    • Wild
    • dissonances, musical genius
  21. Richard Wagner
    • ugly side of nationalism (rascist)
    • gesamtkynstwerk
    • leitmotifs
    • loved using the orchestra, very grand, thick chords/harmonies
    • famous for the Ring Cycle
  22. Robert Schumann
    • Modern piano!
    • Character pieces
    • Dreamy, melodic (lyrical side of the romantic era)
    • He also worked as a musical journalist (wrote about music in a unique way)
  23. Clara Schumann
    • Instrumental in her husband’s music (spread his music by word of mouth and by playing
    • his music)

    Very good, joint compositions with her husband
  24. Antonin Dvorak
    • Czech
    • in Europe – came to New York to direct a national music school
    • Tells
    • America how to make American sounding music (New World Symphony) based on
    • native American culture (limited understanding)

    • Draw
    • on North American cultures



    American composers should draw upon African American spirituals also
  25. Lang Lang
    • current virtuoso
    • very expressive when he plays - controversial
  26. tan dun
    • Because
    • of the cultural revolution in China he was able to explore a lot of
    • previously suppressed music à associated with the NEW
    • WAVE (modernize Chinese music)
    • East
    • meets West – Silk Road

    • Peking
    • Opera

    • Crouching
    • Tiger Hidden Dragon
  27. Schubert, Die Schone Mullerin
    • Song
    • cycle:

    • Made
    • up of lieder (most often based on poems by the same poet)
    • Grand
    • narrative!

    • Narrator
    • and a brook (narrator = suicide), uses the collaborative pianist who plays
    • the brook!
  28. Donizetti, Lucia di Lammermoor
    • Based
    • on a Walter Scot novel
    • Mad
    • Scene: popular element of bel canto

    • The
    • heroine had a lot of emotional trauma (breaks with reality to show off
    • her talent)

    • Scena:
    • word when talking about the 19th century opera
    • 2
    • versions

    • Normal
    • – staged, clearly shows that she is crazy – big production, wild gestures
    • For
    • tv – like glee! Don’t need visual cues to see that she is crazy
  29. Robert Schumann, Kinderszenen
    • Scenes
    • from childhood

    • Get
    • the modern piano

    • Have
    • character pieces

    • Small
    • part – Dreaming
    • The
    • supplicant Child
    • Very
    • melodic, dreamy
  30. Berlioz, Symphonic Fantastique
    • Program
    • music!

    • Fascination
    • in the Romantic era (dramaticism)
    • Orchestra
    • is gaining in size

    • Idee
    • fixe – musical snipet to represent one thing

    • When
    • it plays you know that the love of the narrator is there
  31. Smetana, The Moldau
    • Example
    • of nationalism

    • Glorifies
    • the homeland

    • Play
    • anything that was not German
    • Depicts
    • the River – celebrates the connection between the river and his identity
    • (patriotic theme)
  32. Dvorak, New World SYmphony
    • He
    • wanted to show America how to make authentic American music
    • Based
    • it off of North American music – kinda seems fake (like a European
    • caricature of North American music!)
  33. Rimsky-Korsakov, Scheherezade
    • Russian
    • nationalism music
    • Program
    • Music to tell a story
    • Symphonic
    • exotic other (a change in rhythm, other instruments, different intervals)
    • Asserts
    • a national identity with an exotic picture of otherness
  34. Debussy, Prelude to teh Afternoon of the Faune
    • Based
    • on a poem by a symbolist poet (Mallarme)
    • About
    • the mythical faune

    • Strange
    • sounding – uses a solo flute playing instead of a large orchestra

    • One
    • response to the post-romanticism crisis
  35. Stravinsky, Rite of Spring
    • Primitivism!
    • – another response to romanticism
    • Ballet
    • Music (sort of riskay – sexualized, about pagan rituals)
    • Unusual
    • timbres, rhythms, accents, dissonant music)
  36. Berg, Wozzeck
    • Intense
    • opera experience – inevitability and exploitation for the poor – very
    • emotional
    • Avant
    • garde – atonality (without a key)

    • To
    • express emotions

    • Use
    • of leitmotifs
    • Part
    • of the Viennese School
    • Atonal
    • music
  37. Copland Fanfare for teh Common Man
    • Stirring,
    • patriotic
    • One
    • of best known classical music
    • Triumphant
    • moods – instrumentation, but American quality to it
    • Simple
    • intervals
    • Serialism??
  38. Copland Appalachian Spring
      • Ballet
      • score

      • Orchestral
      • suite

      • Spring
      • celebration

      Uses folk songs, hymns, country tunes



  39. Gershwin, Rhapsody in Blue
    Combines classical music with jazz influenced effects
  40. Tan Dun, Symphony 1997
    • National
    • and historical memory for reuniting Hong Kong and China after British rule
    • Has a
    • western and Chinese flavor – combination of different traditions
    • Everything
    • in the world is one! - a song
    • of peace
    • Uses
    • the Bianzhong (Chinese instrument)
  41. Why Music Moves us
    • There
    • may be something hardwired into us – respond to the music in the same sort
    • of way

    • Do
    • we really though? Not much scientific basis

    • Motherese:
    • sing songy way you talk to children – brain is born ready to process
    • music!
    • Music
    • is like auditory cheesecake

    • Communication
    • is rooted in emotion – music combined too

    • It’s
    • a universal language?? Or more culturally based?
    • Social
    • cohesiveness
    • Physiological
    • effects
Author
Anonymous
ID
21461
Card Set
Music #3
Description
Music Test 3
Updated