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ovaries
located in the lower abdomen of a female; responsible for egg production, estrogen and progesterone secretion
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testes
two glands enclosed in the scrotal sac of a male; responsible for sperm production and testosterone secretion
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Antidiuretic Hormone (ADH)
secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland, ADH increases the reabsorption of water by the kidney.
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cortisol
secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases blood sugar. It is secreted in the times of stress and has an anti inflammatory effect
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estrogen
female hormone secreted by the ovaries, examples are estradiol and estrogen
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Growth Hormone (GH)
secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates growth of bones and soft tissue
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insulin
secreted by the beta islet cell of the pancreas; insulin lowers blood sugar by transport and conversion of glucose to glycogen (animal starch)
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Luteinizing Hormone (LH)
secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates ovulation in females and testosterone secretion in males.
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progesterone
secreted by the ovaries; prepares the uterus for pregnancy
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testosterone
male hormone secreted by the testes
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electrolyte
mineral salt in the blood and tissue and necessary for proper functioning. Examples are potassium, calcium, and sodium
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hormone
substance secreted by an endocrine gland that travels through the blood to a distant organ or gland where it influences the structure and function of that gland or organ
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steroid
complex substance related to fats; of which many hormones are made
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adrenopathy
disease condition of adrenal glands
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gonadotropin
hormone that stimulate sex glands
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androgen
male hormone secreted by the testes. Example is testosterone
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endocrinologist
specialist in the study of endocrine glands
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estrogenic
pertaining to produced by a female
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glycogen
animal starch that can be converted to glucose by the liver
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hypokalemia
blood condition of low potassium in the blood
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somatotrophin
growth hormone secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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exophthalmia
condition of protruding eyeballs
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en bloc resection
tumor is removed along with a large area of surrounding tissue containing lymph nodes
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excisional biopsy
removal of tumor and a margin of normal tissue
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linear accelerator
large electronic device that produces high energy x-ray beams for the treatment of deep-seated tumors
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radiosensitive tumor
tumor in which radiation can cause the death of cells without serious damage to surrounding tissue
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antibiotics
chemical substance produced by bacteria or fungus. They inhibit the growth of cells and are used in cancer chemotherapy
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anaplasia
loss of differentiation; reversion to a more primitive cell type
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benign
noncancerous growth
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Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
genetic material within the nucleus of a cell; controls cell division and protein synthesis.
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invasive
having the ability to enter and destroy tissue
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metastasis
spread of a malignant tumor to a secondary site
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protocol
detailed plan for treatment of illness
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Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
cellular substance that, like DNA, play an important role in protein synthesis
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carcinoma in situ
localized tumor cells that have not invaded adjacent structure.
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mutagenic
pertaining to causing genetic change
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hyperplasia
condition of excessive growth
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bone marrow biopsy
aspiration of bone marrow tissue and examination under the microscope for evidence of malignant cells
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needle biopsy
insertion of a needle into tissue to remove cells for microscopic examination.
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radionuclide scans
radioactive substance that are injected intravenously, scans of organs
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adenocarcinoma
cancerous tumor of gland
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cryosurgery
use of subfreezing temperature to destroy tissue
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electrocauterization
process of burning with electricity
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relapse
return of symptoms of disease
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radiation
energy carried by a stream of particles
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