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What is the final stage of development occurring in snails (trematodes) and are motile by means of a tail?
Cercaria
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What is the term of an encysted form occurring in the 2nd intermediate host (fish or crayfish) in trematodes?
Metacercaria
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What is the first larval stage of trematodes that emerges from the egg in fresh water?
Miracidium
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In trematodes, what emerges from the miracidium as a saclike structure containing the larva?
Sporocyst
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In trematodes, what is the intermediate larval stage occurring in the sporocyst?
Redia
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In trematodes, what is the resulting form when the cercaria penetrates human skin and loses its tail?
Schistosomulum
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What is the stage of trematodes that is infective to humans, in whom they are acquired by swimming in infested water?
Cercariae
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What trematode:
Symptoms: DERMATITIS, FEVER, COUGH, MALAISE, HEPATO-SPLENOMEGALY, CIRRHOSIS, BLOODY DIARRHEA, BOWEL OBSTRUCTION, PATIENTS FREQUENTLY DEVELOP BLADDER CANCER
Diagnosis: EGGS IN URINE OR BLADDER BIOPSY WITH LARGE TERMINAL SPINE
Schistosoma haematobium egg
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Schistosoma haematobium egg
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What trematode is EGGS IN STOOL OR RECTAL BIOPSY WITH A LARGE LATERAL SPINE
Schistosoma mansoni egg
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What trematode is diagnosed with EGGS IN STOOL OR RECTAL BIOPSY WITH OVAL WITH SMALL LATERAL SPINE
Schistosoma japonicum egg
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Schistosoma japonicum egg
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What trematode:
Diagnosis: EGGS IN SPUTUM AND/OR STOOL WITH OPERCULUM WITH RIM, TERMINAL END THICKENING, AND SMOOTH SHELL
Hosts: 1ST - SNAIL and 2ND - CRABS OR CRAYFISH
Paragonimus westermani egg
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Paragonimus westermani egg
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What trematode:
Diagnosis: EGGS IN STOOL OR DUODENAL ASPIRATE WITH OPERCULUM W/ THICKENED RIM, TERMINAL KNOB, and VERY SMALL
Hosts: 1ST - SNAIL, 2ND - FRESHWATER FISH
Clonorchis sinensis (Chinese or oriental liver fluke)
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- Chonorchis sinensis egg
- (Chinese or oriental liver fluke)
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What trematode:
Diagnosis: EGGS IN STOOL HAVE HUGE FORM HAVE AN OPERCULUM (NO TERMINAL KNOB)
Hosts: 1ST - SNAIL, 2ND - WATER PLANTS (WATER CHESTNUTS OR BAMBOO SHOOTS
Faciolopsis buski (intestinal flukes)
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- Fasciolopsis buski
- (intestinal flukes)
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What trematode:
Diagnosis: Egg detection in stool sample
Morphology: Eggs are larg, oblong, and contain and operculum
Fasciola hepatic (liver fluke)
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- Fasciola hepatic egg
- (liver fluke)
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What cestode:
Infection is by the ingestion of undercooked beef that contains the cysticercus larvae
Diagnosis: Microscopic analysis for ova (species of Taenia eggs are identical), species ID relies on proglattid or scolex analysis
Taenia saginata
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What cestode:
Infection is by the ingestion of undercooked pork that contains the cysticercus larvae
Diagnosis: HEXACANTH EMBRYO (W/ HOOKS), 3 PAIRS OF HOOKLETS, THICK ROUND SHELL WITH RADIAL STRIATIONS
Hosts: COW, MAN (ACCIDENTAL - WHEN CYSTICERCOSIS OCCURS)
Taenia solium
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What happens when humans are the intermediate host following the ingestion of Taenia solium ova?
Causes a larval form of extraintestinal disease called cysticercosis - which causes lesions in the cerebral cortex and other body sites that can be fatal
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What cestode:
Infection is acquired by eating raw or undercooked fish containing the pleurocercoid
Diagnosis: EGGS IN STOOL, SCOLEX OR PROGLATTIDS ALSO POSSIBLE, OPERCULUM AND TERMINAL KNOB, UNDEVELOPED CORADIUM LARVA
Hosts: COPEPOD and FRESHWATER FISH
Diphyllobothrium latum (fish tapeworm)
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- Diphyllobothrium latum egg
- (fish tapeworm)
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What cestode:
Humans usually acquire the infection by ingestion of ova found in mice or human feces
Diagnosis: EGGS IN STOOL COLORLESS SHELL, HEXANCANTH EMBRYO (W/ HOOKS), 3 PAIRS OF HOOKLETS, BIPOLAR FILAMENTS OR THICKENINGS
Hymenolepis nana (dwarf tapeworm)
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- Hymenolepis nana
- (dwarf tapeworm)
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What cestode:
Humans acquire infection from the ingestion of insects containing the cystericercoids
Hymenolepis diminuta (mouse and rat tapeworm)
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What cestode:
Human infection results in the development of a hydatid cyst in many body sites (hydatid disease)
Echinococcus granulosus (dog tapeworm)
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- Echinococcus granulosus
- (dog tapeworm)
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