-
C/S of DA vs Volvulus? 5
- Volvulus:
- HR >100 + Ping
- Complete anorexia
- Sharp ↓Milk
- More abdominal pain and distention
- Dehydration/shock/death
-
Location for ping with LDA?
- Lower 1/3rd of abd
- 8th ICS to Paralumbar fossa
-
Classic location for ping with RDA?
- Last 5 ribs in Dorsal 1/2 of Abd
- (cranial to PLF)
-
DDx for RDA
- Abo Volvulus
- Cecal Dilation/Volv
- Gas in Spiral Colon
- Off Feed Ping (motility present)
- Pneumorectum
- Pneumoperitoneum
- Physometra
-
DDx for LDA?
- *Rumen Tympany* (Liptak)
- Peritonitis
- Physometra (bilateral uterine gas)
- Pneumoperitoneum
-
Ping is heard in last 5 ribs on the right
How do you distinguish between RDA and volvulus?
- Volvulus:
- HR >100
- Ping
- Severe C/S's
-
How can u differentiate RDA from volvulus?
Rectal palpation: Cecum ="french loaf"
-
how is physometra distinguished from DA?
- Physometra:
- pings on R and L
- Palpable via rectal
-
what are expected CBC findings with DA?
Volvulus?
- DA:
- N unless concurrent disease
-
Chem & blood gas with DA? 6
- Metabolic alkalosis
- Hypo-Cl/K
- Hyperlactatemia (prognostic w/volvulus)
- Hyper/Hypoglycemia
- Hyperbilirubin (GI stasis)
- Ketones
-
what circumstances lead to hyperglycemia vs. hypoglycemia?
- Hyper = Volvulus +Shock
- Hypo = 1' ketosis w/neuro signs
-
[Cl] with...
LDA?
Volvulus?
(N=100)
- Simple LDA: 80-90
- Volvulus: 60-80
(<60 is near death)
-
what is paradoxic aciduria in cow with DA/metabolic alkalosis?
- HypoK Cow
- ⇩
- Preserve K in kidney
- ⇩
- Secretes H+ in exchange
- ⇩
- Acidotic urine & Worsens alkalosis
-
Liptak test with...
LDA?
N rumen?
(pH of N abomasum = < 4.5)
-
What type of DA can you do a...
Blind/non-surgical approach?
L approach?
R approach?
Toggle?
- Blind: LDA only
- L: LDA
- R: LDA or RDA
- Toggle: LDA
-
Distal paravertebral block...
Where is needle inserted?
What nerves are blocked?
- Insert: L1, 2, 4
- Blocks: T13, L1, L2
-
for most DA's fluids can be given after surgery, but what circumstance warrants fluids prior to surgery?
volvulus - improve CO
-
what are some complications after correcting DA?
- Vagal indigestion
- ↓Lactation
- Abscess at sx site
-
If needed, which Abx post DA Sx?
- Ceftiofure
- Penn if mastitis
-
who gets abomasal ulcers and what predisposes them?
- All ages of cattle
- Stress
- ↑Concentrate Diets
- LSA in older animals
-
1st sign of nonperforating ulcer?
Drop in milk production (esp. after stress of calving)
-
what mimics perforating ulcer?
hardware disease
-
what is most common form of abomasal ulcer?
What occurs 2'?
Perforating
- ⇒lLocal abscesses
- ⇒Adhesions
- ⇒Localized peritonitis
-
C/S of cow with diffuse ulcer present (rare)?
- Severe signs/shock
- Widespread peritonitis
-
What type of ulcer do calves usually get?
Associated with what deficiency?
Perforation w/ Peritonitis
Cu deficiency
-
CBC findings with ulcer?
- Leukocytosis w/Neutrophilia
- ↑Fibrinogen
- Anemia
-
What changes should be made if Dx ulcers?
- Diet: Hay only & No grain
- Reduce stress
-
what leads to primary functional obstruction of abomasum?
What diets known to predispose?
↓Fiber or ↓water
- Overwintering beef cattle
- Poor quality milk replacer
-
Contour seen with abomasum impaction?
- Papple
- or
- Bilateral ventral enlargement
- (Weight loss)
-
Expected Blood Gas & Chem w/ abomasal impaction?
- Metabolic alkalosis
- HypoCl
- (doesnt happen in all)
-
Tx for abomasal impaction? 4
- Fluids + laxatives
- Terminate pregnancy
- Metaclopramide in early cases
- Rumenotomy - back flush contents
-
Species/breed likely to get abomasal emptying defect?
C/S?
suffolk sheep
- Anorexia
- Wt loss
- Abd enlargement
-
what is chloride level with emptying defect?
- >100 mEq/L
- (normal is 30)
-
Tx for emptying defect?
Prevention?
- Sx (rumenotomy or backflush)
- Metaclopramide
Hereditary - don't breed
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