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descirbe 2-3 ways in which we can read Freud as an existentialist thinker in "the economic problem of masochism"
- -super-ergo
- - oedipus complex= daughters wanna be with father and sons with mother
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what normative attitudes do Daidoji and the special naval special naval defense corps airmen share?
- view the importance of loyalty and duty to their country, family, and most importantly their God
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What reasons might we have to think the U.S airmen might have written similar letters of the Japanese soliders, home during WW2
- -they were mostly likely once put in the field going to die
- -they were trained for htis and were willing to it for their country and God
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what characterizes the Japanese Special naval defense corps airmen's last letters home
love of country, honor to family, encouraging words to family, proud of the way they are dying
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according to daidoji's the beginner's book of bushido, how is a samurai supposed to approach everyday life
to take care of their health and are moderate in eating and drinkings and aviod the paths of women and being moderate in all things
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according to daidoji's the beginners book of bushido, how is a samurai supposed to approach death
samurai's supposed to approach death by welcoming it because it is inevitable and to not forget death because it keeps them from being careless
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what is dishonorable according to daidoji
forgetting death and taking in unhealthy excess food and wine and women and not living according to duty
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what is masochism
the tendency to derive pleasure especially sexual gratification from ones own pain or humiliation
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moral masochism
seeking unpleasure with out being aware of the masochistic sexual satisfaction this obtained because of unconscious feeling of guilt
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what destructive instincts does frued think we all have
"is the subject must suffer endless self-punishment" because morals and culture have desexualized people and suppresses their natural drives, people turn these to self- destruction. masochist must act against their own self interest and perhaps "destroy his own real existence"
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In Mayerfield's "Defense of the Absolute Prohibition of Torture" what is his thesis
that torture is never okay
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In Mayerfield's "Defense of the Absolute Prohibition of Torture" what are major pints in defense of his thesis
- idealization= adding positive features
- abstraction= taking away negative features
- cherry picking data= data that consider that only supports one positions/ thesis
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whats at issue in Euthyphro
what is holy and unholy
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argument by anaolgy
what is loved is because it is loved or because one says it is loved
what is carried is carried because it is carried or because they say its carried
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essence vs. attributes
essences= central feature of something
attributes= features but do not/ are not essential to something
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russellian benefits and losses
the benefits and losses one obtains in a russellian world
some moral obligations will produce no russellian benefi= only loss
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moral sentiments
morals obligations come from moral feelings and attitudes
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evolutionary account of morality
moral obligation help the species to survive (instincts= moral obligations)
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mavrodes distinction between feelings and obligations
feelings and obligations are different and therefore feelings dont from obligations. moral obligations are facts and how we feel about it doesnt change it
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Kurt Baiers answer to the question "why be moral"
we should sometimes set aside self interest to service shared interest
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Mavrodes take on freeriding
it is wrong to think that it is more of a benefit for an individual to act for the shared interests. so while everyone else does for share interest one does not
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mavrodes overall argument
morality in a RW would be really weird there would be obligations that cause losses but they must so there must be a higher power
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religious apologies
explanation or justification
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nielsons "crucifxion of the intellect" arg.
if you believe in God then into order to support that you must kill off your intellect.
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