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Variable
A letter that stands for a number.
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Order of Operations
P (parentheses - grouping symbols), E (exponents), M (multiplication), D (division), A (addition), S (subtraction).
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Integers - a/s/m/d
Whole numbers and their opposites.
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Expressions
An equation without a solution.
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Absolute Value
The Distance of a number from zero on the number line.
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Coordinate Plane
The plane formed by two number lines that intersect at their zero points. The horizontal number line is the x-axis. The vertical number line is the y-axis. The two axes meet at the origin, O (0,0), and divide the coordinate plane into four quadrants.
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Distributive Property
For any numbers a, b, and c, a(b+c)=ab+ac and a(b-c)=ab-ac.
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Factors
A factor of a nonzero integer is an integer that divides the nonzero integer with remainder zero.
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Rational Numbers
A rational number is any number you can write as a quotient of two integers a over b, where b is not zero.
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Scientific Notation
Scientific notation is a way of expressing a number. A number is expressed in scientific notation when it is written as the product of a number greater than or equal to 1 and less than 10, and a power of 10.
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Ratio
A ratio is a comparison of two quantities by division.
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Unit Rate
How much one of a group things would be if you only the price of the group.
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Proportions
An equality of two ratios.
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Scale Figures
How much smaller or larger something is than an identical object.
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Percent
A ratio that compares a number to 100.
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Percent Change
The percent something increases or decreases from its original amount. Difference of new and original over original.
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Functions
A function is a relationship in which each member of the domain is paired with exactly one member of the range. A number of the domain is an input and the related number of the range is an output.
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Lines
A line is a series of points that extends in opposite directions without end.
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Polygons
A closed plane figure with at least three sides.
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Congruence
Two things are exactly the same.
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Translations
A transformation that moves points the same distance and in the same direction.
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Symmetry
When a shape is the same on both sides.
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Reflections
A transformation that flips a figure over a line of reflection.
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Rotations
A transformation that turns a figure about a fixed point, called the center of rotation. The angle measure of the rotation is the angle of rotation.
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Area
The number of square units a figure encloses.
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Pythagorean Theorem
a2+b2=c2
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Permutations
An arrangement of items in a particular order. You can use the notation nPr to express the number of permutations of n objects chosen r at a time. Keyword: different.
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Combinations
A group of items in which the order of the items ins not important. You can use the notation nCr to express the number of combinations of n objects chosen r at a time. To solve nPr over rPr.
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Mean
The average. Add up all data then divide by the amount of numbers added together.
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Median
The middle number.
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Mode
The number that shows up the most.
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Polynomial
A monomial or a sum or difference of monomials.
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Monomial
A real number, a variable, or a product of a real number and variables with whole number exponents.
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Exponential Growth
Any function of the form y=b^x, where b > 1. The graph of the function curves upwards as input values increase.
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Exponential Decay
Any function of the form y=b^2, where 0 < b < 1. The graph of the function slopes downward as input values increase.
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Slope, Y Intersect
y=mx+b, m= rise over run or (y1-y2) / (x1-x2)
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Scatter Plot
- A plot of ordered pairs.
- Positive Correlation: as y increases, x increases as well.
- Negative Correlation: as y increases, x decreases (opposites).
- No Correlation: no relationship.
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Interest
- Simple: I=prt (interest = principal x rate per year x time in years).
- Compound: B=p(1+r)^n (balance = principle (1 + the rate for each interest period) ^ number of interest periods.
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Standard Form
In order of decreasing exponents.
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Line Plot
A graph that displays data by using x's above a number line.
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