psych 3

Hierarchy of Needs

Rare behaviors reinforce common ones. Behavioral switch experiment

Effect of pay on monkey puzzles               Campbell et al. – College students

Extrinsic – requires reinforcement from outside. Intrinsic – reinforcement comes from the task itself

Motive acquisition theory, 1 motivation = arousal

two factor theory of emotional differences, brain trying to make sense of your body's physiological response to a situation

stimulus-->specific phys state-->experience of emotion

stimuli trigger activity in the autonomic nervous system, which then produces emotion in brain

stimulus simultaneously triggers activity in the autonomic nervous system and emotional experience in the brain

performance increases with physiological or mental arousal, but only up to a point. When levels of arousal become too high, performance decreases.

alarm, resistance, recovery

developed the first intelligence test to allow educators to develop remedial programs for those children who lagged behind their peers

developed a school readiness test in which the intellectual quotient (IQ) was found by dividing the mental age by the chronological age.

The Raven’s Progessive Matrices test is designed to measure nonverbal reasoning and according to them would asses fluid intelligence             
 - high crystallized intelligence would be associated with a high score on a test measuring acquired knowledge and is best assessed with a VOCABULARY TEST

g, general intelligence

people have several primary mental abilities, not just general intelligence

Contents, operations, products
Creativity was not previously measured as IQ
Convergent thinking -- finding the “best”, “right”, answer.
Divergent thinking -- finding many possible answers

research is responsible for the better understanding of the humansexual response cycle

triarchic theory, practical intelligence, adapting to existing environments

8 intelligences:
linguistic
logical
spatial
musical
bodily
interpersonal
intrapersonal
naturalistic

“Origins of intelligence of the child Rigorous observation as a the means of developing his theory"

Sensorimotor stage
Pre-operational stage
Concrete operations stage
Formal operations stage

AVOIDANT -- pays little attention to the mother when she is in the room, or when she leaves. If distressed, mother and stranger are equally comforting.

SECURE -- distressed when mother leaves the room, goes to her when she returns. Is secure around strangers, but prefers mother.

RESISTANT -- type simultaneously seeks mother and avoids physical contact.

6 stages in 3 groups of 2
preconventional
conventional
postconventional

Basic trust vs mistrust
Autonomy vs shame, doubt
Initiative vs guilt
Industry vs. inferiority
Identity vs. role confusion

Early adolescence
Intimacy vs. isolation

Late adolescence.
Generativity vs. stagnation
Ego integrity vs. despair

Internalization -- The majority of development is a result of what a child learned from the environment Zone of potential development -- A child’s potential is generally something greater than the demonstrated ability. Environment puts constraints on the child’s capabilities