-
Aztreonam
Only beta lactam that can be used after type 1 allergic reaction
-
class C pregnancy drugs
FQs and clarithromycin
-
Class D pregnancy drugs
Tetracyclines and aminoglycosides
-
CD G- drugs
FQs, aminoglycosides, colistin
-
CI drugs
B-lactams, aminoglycosides, vancomycin
-
polymyxins
disrupt efflux pump, porins, and outer cell membranes, loss of bacterial beta-lactamase
-
Beta-Lactams
- Cidal, CI
- Inhibit cell wall synth
-
Penicillin
PenVK-narrowest; Amox - strep, G-; Amox/clav - broad
-
Cephalosporins
- Cidal, CI
- Inhibit cell wall synth
- Hypersensitivity
- only 2 with anaerobic activity
- staph
-
Tetracyclines
- inhibit protein synth
- STATIC, CI
- hepatotoxicity, vertigo
- Staph
-
Macrolides
- Erythromycin, clarithromycin, azithromycin
- inhibit protein synth
- STATIC, CI
- CYP3A4 inhibitors
- STaph
- Prolonged t1/2
-
Clindamycin
- inhibits protein synth
- STATIC, CI
- Ideal spectrum
- q8h
-
Metronidazole
- Damages bacterial DNA
- Cidal, CD
- Dark urine, rxn w/OH
- CYP2C9 inhibitor
- No aerobic activity, avoid in 1st trimester
-
FQs
- Inhibition of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase
- Cidal, CD
- Lots of adverse effects
- Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, moxifloxacin
- Broad G- (aerobic)
- Preg Cat C
-
Trimethroprim/Sulfamethoxazole (TMZ/SMX)
-
Vancomycin
- inhibits cell wall synth
- Aerobic and anerobic G+ ONLY
-
Linezolid
- Protein synth inhibitor
- Spectrum - MRSA, VRE
- Bone marrow suppression, only use 14 days
-
Aminoglycosides
- inhibit protein synth
- G-
- nephrotoxic, ototoxic, vestubular toxic
-
Fluconazole
- most widely used antifungal
- 90% bioavailability
-
Clotrimazole
oral candidiasis
-
Voriconazole
- Aspergillus
- PO/IV
- Dont use in hepatic dysfunction
-
-
Echinocandins
- Cell wall
- Aspergillus, severe oral candida, candidemia
- IV only
-
Ganiciclovir or Valganciclovir
- CMV
- inhibits DNA poly
- IV
- T1/2=3h
- Renally toxic
-
Zanamivir and Osetamivir
Flu
-
Desipramine
TCA, NE selective
-
Imitramimne
TCA, NE/5HT mixed action
-
-
-
-
-
Velafaxine
- Atypical
- SNRI
- Not anti-muscarinic like TCAs
-
Desvenlafaxine
Active metabolite of venlafaxine
-
Mirtazapine
- Atypical, blocks presynaptic alpha2 receptor - increase NE/5HT
- Mood
-
Lithium Carbonate
Bipolar mood stabilizer, side effects
-
Valproic acid
anticonvulsant for bipolar, good for non-rapid cycline and better than lithium for rapid
-
Questiapine
- Atypical 2nd gen antipsychotic
- Blocks 5HT2A
-
1st gen antipsychotics
- Chlorpromazine
- Haloperidol
- Thioridazine
- Fluphenzine
-
2nd gen antipsychotics
- Clozapine - good but bad side effect
- Olanzapine - better efficacy and less adverse effects than FGAs
- May cause hypersalivation
-
Levodopa
- only 5% goes to brain
- N/V
- Interacts with B6 - reduces effect
-
Pramidexole
Partial D2 agonist, lower adverse effects than L-DOPA
-
Selegiline
Inhibits MAO-B which metabolizes DA in CNS
-
Trihexphenidyl
Anticholinergic, blocks ACh action
-
Amantadine
Less effective than LDOPA, NMDA antagonist antiviral
-
Methylphenidate
Psychostimulant, 80-90% effective, 1st line tx, sustained and immediate release
-
Amphetamines
Psychostimulant, 80-90% effective, 1st line tx, sustained and immediate release
-
Atomoxetine
Highly selective NE reuptake inhibitor, increase dopamine in prefrontal but not accumbens
-
Galantamine
- AD, increase ACh and dec. AChase
- caution w/antidepressants, stomach ulcers
-
Rivastigmine
- AD, increase ACh, dec AChase
- BuChE
- 2x/day
- GI problems
-
Tacrine
- Alz
- short t1/2
- many drug interaction, esp NSAIDs
- liver damage
-
Memantine
- mod-sev Alz
- antagonist at NMDA
-
Ginko balboa
- modest effect
- Alz
- serious side effects
-
Modafinil
- eugeroics
- inc ne/da
- inc hist
- schedule IV
- narcolepsy
- ADHD(no kids),
- college kids abuse
-
Armodafinil
- wakefulness enhancer
- eugeroic
- inc ne/da
- inc hist
-
Phenobarbital
- post-ampa
- one of safest b/c limited by sedation
- gabaB
- 1st gen
-
Carbamazepine
- VGNa
- induces microsomal enzymes
- T1/2 25-65 hrs at first, declines
- CYP tox
- 1st gen
-
Oxacarbazepine
- 2nd gen
- improved toxicity than carba
- weaker CYP inducer
-
Vigabitrin
GABA transaminase, increase GABA
-
Lamotrignine
VGCa, AMPA post
-
Felbatamate
GABA rec, NMDA post
-
Gabapentin and pregabalin
VGCa
-
-
-
-
Ethosuximide
- VGCa
- used to treat absence seizures
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