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a person who speaks
speaker
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The selection of words in a literary work
diction
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license or liberty taken by a poet, prose writer, or other artist in deviating from rule, conventional form, logic, or fact, in order to produce a desired effect
poetic license
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The associations called up by a word that goes beyond its dictionary meaning
connotation
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The dictionary meaning of a word
denotation
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The pattern of related comparative aspects of language, particularly of images, in a literary work
imagery
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A figure of speech in which a part is substituted for the whole
synecdoche
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A form of language use in which writers and speakers convey something other than the literal meaning of their words
figurative language
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A figure of speech involving a comparison between unlike things using like, as, or as though
simile
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A comparison between essentially unlike things without an explicitly comparative word such as like or as
metaphor
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The endowment of inanimate objects or abstract concepts with animate or living qualities
personification
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An object or action in a literary work that means more than itself, that stands for something beyond itself
symbol
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a metaphor that has occurred so often that it has become a new meaning of the expression
dead metaphor
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a metaphor that is extended through a stanza or entire poem, often by multiple comparisons of unlike objects or ideas
extended metaphor
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The implied attitude of a writer toward the subject and characters of a work
tone
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use of words for auditory effect,can convey meaning or mood or unify a work
musical devices
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The matching of final vowel or consonant sounds in two or more words
rhyme
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differing consonant sounds are followed by identical stressed vowel sounds, and the following sounds, if any, are identical
exact rhyme
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rhyme occurs within lines
internal rhyme
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the rhyming words occur at the ends of the lines
end rhyme
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A pair of rhymed lines that may or may not constitute a separate stanza in a poem
couplets
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The repetition of consonant sounds, especially at the beginning of words
alliteration
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The repetition of similar vowel sounds in a sentence or a line of poetry or prose
assonance
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the repetition of identical consonant sounds and differing vowel sounds in words in proximity
consonance
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a phrase or verse recurring at intervals in a song or poem
refrain
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The use of words to imitate the sounds they describe
onomatopoeia
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The recurrence of accent or stress in lines of verse
rhythm
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The measured pattern of rhythmic accents in poems
meter
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one unstressed syllable followed by one stressed syllable
iambic
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Poetry without a regular pattern of meter or rhyme
free verse
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A line of poetry or prose in unrhymed iambic pentameter
blank verse
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the relationship or organization of the component parts of a work of art or literature
struscture
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A division or unit of a poem that is repeated in the same form
stanza
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a sonnet form used by Shakespeare and having the rhyme schemeabab, cdcd, efef, gg
English (Shakespearean) sonnet
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a sonnet form popularized by Petrarch, consisting of an octave with the rhyme scheme abbaabba and of a sestet with one of several rhyme schemes, as cdecde or cdcdcd.
Italian (Petrarchan) sonnet
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A poem that tells a story
narrative
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A long narrative poem that records the adventures of a hero
epic
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a song that is traditionally sung by the common people of a region and forms part of their culture
folk ballad
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a written composition by a single poet, who deliberately chooses the sorts of themes found in folk ballads and imitates their form
literary ballad
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single character speaking at a critical moment, usually addressed to some other character who remains silent
dramatic monologue
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A type of poem characterized by brevity, compression, and the expression of feeling
lyric
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The manner or style of expressing oneself in language or the arts
dialect
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A figure of speech involving exaggeration
hyperbole
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