Theology Test 3: Multiple Choice

• - little interest in Yhwh or act of the Salvation (no terms of covenant)
• - little interest in history of Israel
• - focus on life universals (how do we live life, how do we do it well and successful)
• - interest in creation

• proverbs: says the author is king of Israel
• Qoheleth (ecclesiastes) says the same thing
• Song of Songs are attributed to Solomon
• Wisdom of Solomon is the tittle 
• there is pseudonymity so the attention can be in the work

• opening poems (1-9) which are longer in general 
• 2 line proverbs which are the rest of the book. unorganized list of sayings. short universal statements.

• contradictory because it is all in the application
• contrast: fool and wise
• rich and poor (better to be rich, however better to be poor than to be rich with no soul)
• diligent and lazy

• 1. Job is described as faithful, persevering, gentile. 
• 2. scene shifts to Heavenly Court above
• 3. then Satan the Accuser comes out. (not like our regular satan)
• 4. accusation of Job: he is only faithful because God gives him lots of things. 
• 5. Accusation of God: He is bribing Job
• 6. 2 trials: take away his stuff/family and take away his health
• 7. curse god and die: curse Him and end your suffering

• the accuser goes up to God and starts a chat. no security breached. 
• this guy is not trying to overthrow the all mighty.
• no outright rebellion, just a huge tattle tale.

• why do bad things happen to good people?
• we are somewhat good people who try to do good things, yet bad things still happen to us. 

god does things that we cannot understand. he knows what he is doing

• idk. some weird names we probably dont have to remember
• they stay for 7 days. mourning him. think he is already dead.

• you must have sinned. this is how God works. you sin, he punished. you smitten so you must have sinned. 
• from Deuteronomy. these guys are not Israelites but its traditional punishment
• no. Job has not done anything.

i dont know

• they have a confrontation
• Job challenges God because he hasnt done anything so asks him to respond. yells at him.
• God tells him you cannot judge me, you have no knowledge. 
• i uttered what i did not understand. he was wrong in asking for an explanation

• why do we suffer? 
• answer: God knows the answer and sometimes we cant know. it is not always punishment and it is not always a bad thing. we just dont know. its God.

• merger of Greek philosophy and Hebrew thought. 
• merge to provide them a way to look at own tradition. not rejecting OT. merging of the two.

• i think this relates to the immortality of the Soul: 
• there is a reward in heaven in the afterlife. 
• there is good things for those who behave. 
• justice after death

• 1. gospels: acts of apostles is connected, life and meaning of Jesus (historical view of his life), there is a consistency 
• 2. Pauline Epistles: catholic epistles and revelations connected because all letters and teach the same character. largest body of teaching

• center of power
• ruled by Jewish kings (who just happens to be a Roman puppet)
• has Jerusalem and the Temple
• is pretty urban

• rural: in regards to Jewish population (gentiles are in large cities)
• backwater
• they have own accent- redneck type that follow Judaism
• Suspect

• Sadducees
• Pharisees
• Zealots
• Essenes

• more wealthy part of the population (small in #)
• most influence within Jerusalem (control of high priesthood)
• OK with Roman rule 
• only accepted Torah (most sola scriptura. no believe in ressurection)

• majority of the populace (average individual trained by these)
• most conflicts are with this group (cuz of size)
• Focus on the Law (build fences around law, have scribes, oral torah)
• Tolerate Roman Rule
• Only group to survive the Roman conquest of Judea

• name comes from 'Zeal' for God
• essentially revolutionaries against Rome
• Violence to bring about the Kingdom 
• not well organized 
• some disciples were Zealots (judas speculative)

• small group (in villages within the community, share meals and housing)
• sectarian (turned inward, thought everyone else was gonna go to hell, westboro baptist church)
• communistic 
• responsible for the dead see scrolls

• political: house of david, defeat of the romans, restore Israel to independence under God
•     most people try to put Jesus in this category

priestly: restoration of true worship, covenant with Phineas, not very widespread

THE EARLY CHURCH

• author- Luke (evangelist, doctor)
• Genre- gospel of the holy spirit. work gets done through the holy spirit not Jesus
• then outline of the book

• receive the power of the holy spirit. 
• from Rome you can get anywhere
• two parts: 
• 1. works of the 12 (ch 1-12)
• 2. works of Paul- paul is present beforehand but his actions towards world are dealt with here

• Judas killed himself and need replacement. 
• need 12 because of the 12 tribes. reconstructing Israel as a church
• Between Joseph and Matthias
• Need to have qualifications: with jesus from beginning
• Matthias chosen to replace him
• Chosen by lot, means that it not chosen at random but rather God moving chance

• its a Jewish feat
• 50 days after Passover
• Pilgrimage festival- which explains why so many people and languages in Jerusalem
• commemoration of the Law!!

the spirit descends?

• spirit descends in fire and wind (wind/spirit)
• speaking in tongues- gibberish/ speak a language you dont need to know.
• holy spirit returns language to us and unites us in the church

• not drunk, outpouring of the spirit. rather, promise of the spirit. what the author foretold
• peter mentions Jesus, and then death. signs and miracles that he was from God. God raised him from the dead
• then gives action to people: repent and be baptized. receive holy spirit

• jesus is the messiah but he is dead, so a failure
• people think public ministry a failure. but it is not
• people think cursed because crucifixion but no. 
• important to witness crucifixion

• leaders of the early community
• witnesses to the resurrection
• in charge of sacraments (baptism, confirmation, breaking of bread)
• miraculous deeds through actions of Christ
• persecuted when they preached of Jesus

• community not seen as a political mvmt but religious
• this practice because lots of poor people and it is what Jesus and the 12 were doing before
• it fell away because it gets to big, people getting lost in the shuffle, not enough time praying

• dead people who the Spirit struck down. 
• killed because they lied to the Holy Spirit.

• daily prayer in the Temple (no offer sacrificed, just say prayer, still consider themselves Jewish)
• breaking of bread in homes

• Greek and Aramaic
• Greeks are Jewish because they live outside boundaries of Judea

PAUL AND HIS MISSION

• because we are all important
• dynamo for conversions- does lots of them
• early theologian: presentation of the Gospel, focus on the meaning of Jesus

• Jew from Tarsus: jew and roman citizen
• trained as a Rabbi
• persecutor of the Church: he is on his way to Damascus to arrest Christians when we meet him

• character and intelligence: smart, charismatic
• repentance: ex of what it should be. repent with God

• it says why are you persecuting me, instead of my people
• believers are connected to Christ.

• three days of blindness where he does not eat. 
• symbolism of his death. 
• then he is baptized.

• the guy who baptizes him and helps him. gives him initial instructions on how to pray. 
• at first An. fears Paul and is reluctant to go

• others are still wary, no instant communication so people dont know about his conversion
• begins preaching immediately

• nope. 
• two cultures, two different names
• Saul- jewish culture, and Paul- gentiles
• not a traditional name change, but a reflection of who he is

• Paul's first job is to the Jews and Israel because they are God's chosen people. he is rejected in this area
• turns to gentiles. universality of faith

• wasnt there when jesus was there. 
• solution is to say he was called and sent by the Risen Jesus
• he is an apostle to the Gentiles (outside of Israel)

• alter to unknown god
• - because just in case. (remember they fear God)
• - Paul uses it as a standing point saying: i know who this unknown God is. he is all of heaven...

• quoting pagans because it gives them a common knowledge
• - then jumps into PDR

knows resurrection will be mocked, but still says the truth. it has an effect. others want to hear more

• the gospel
• - not public ministry/4 gospels but rather PDR. 

meaning of Jesus: behavior for us, church organization and overall theology

• - he is opposed by: 
•    -- Jews: Paul eats with gentiles and follows new Torah
•   -- Gentiles: he is attacking how Gentiles live, and philosophical issues

• he arrested and makes an appeal to Rome. 
• makes the appeal to get to Rome because its what he has been trying to do since he started
• then he dies.

The Gentile Question

• Cornelius: first one to ever enter
• - a centurion roman officer

• God-fearing
• - believe in Yhwh (not necesarily scared of him), accepts him as the God of heaven and earth yet does not follow all proscriptions of the law
• - lose his job if he does follow all rules (such as sabbath)
• gives alms and prays

• to send for peter. 
• his prayers were accepted as worship

• setup: he is jaffa on the roof and is hungry. 
• goes to show that god works with who prophets are. if he wasn't hungry vision would have different thing but same meaning

• vision: kill and eat animals. 
• he protest: not eat anything unclean
• god responds: shut up, what i made clean cannot be rendered unclean.

• kosher laws? brings into question these laws
• gentiles are worthy of his time
• - unlawful to enter Gentiles households because they are dirty. but god said clean, so clean

• peter says god shows no partiality, and gives christian message. 
• holy spirit fell on the family. now we cant refuse baptism because of HS. 
• - received it backwards: holy spirit before water.

• baptized a gentile while he is not circumcised. very important. 
• baptized gentiles as gentiles with no link to law. 
• his defense is he had no other choice

• they are believing an "another gospel" 
• this gospel has contents saying a warped version of word. 
• circumcision required for salvation
• if circumcised, then follow the law

• he gives his personal history
• he followed the law scrupulously but wasnt better than anyone else. his salvation came from Jesus, not by his actions.
• therefore, the Law cannot save in itself. 
• Galatians are in error

• Law and Sin: galatians dont realize all the rules (600) that exist. no leeway, law meant to train Israel and lead its way to Christ
• freedom from law does not = no morality
• natural law grounded in love

• some teachers come from Jerusalem with same circumcision argument as galatians. they come with approval and blessings of apostles
• Paul also claims blessing and telling a different teaching
• dismay within community. confusion
• appeal to Jerusalem because its mother church. councils

• to figure out whole circumcision gentiles/ christians/ law issues. 
• to ask if christians have to be Jews

• I DONT KNOW. didnt listen
• peter's testimony: apostle to the gentiles, given holy spirit
• paul's testimony of conversion
• james assents

• LISTEN TO RECORDING. go back on this
• side with peter, paul, and Barnabas
• do not require all the laws. 
• three things are forbiden: idols, illicit marriages, blood in meat

• no obstacles for the gentiles and more are saved.
• more and more division tween church and synagogue

• matthew: wrote first, tax collectors
• mark: companion of peter
• Luke: physician, companion of Paul
• John: wrote last, was the beloved

life and teachings of Jesus: events of his life, what he taught, reactions by crowds and disciples, eyewitnesses

• got stronger after he died. 
• ministers of the new word did the preaching
• people questioned the validity and accurateness of it because it was story from story of an eyewitness

• others came after to add material: 
• multiple endings of mark, women caught in adultery, 2nd ending of John, material faithful to the message

• syn: together
• optics: to look at
• therefore synoptic means to look at together
• move the paragraphs around a little and compare stories

• almost similar words. very exact. 
• same words in Greek. 

• memorization
• inspiration by the holy spirit
• wrote together...or
• COPIED!

• argument that mark writes first because: 
• it is the shortest- missing material is not something to be omitted
• almost all of his stuff is found in Matthew or Luke
• internal indications of date before 70 (this yr cuz temple destroyed on this date)

• a synoptic relationship theory
• (refer to picture)
• mark writes first
• matthew and Luke did not use one another so had source of Q
• Q: quella (source), material in which mt and lk have in common
• both sources are available in a written form, but put in the gospels in different ways

• a synoptic relationship theory
• (refer to picture)
• like had both mark and mt in front of him. 
• mark is the source.
• luke went back and checked out the story

• clearly Jewish Christians
• many OT references, including obscure ones,
• jesus as the new moses (many parallels)
• 5 parts to the gospel: 2 is Pentecost
• kingdom of heave: no want to say God

• gentile christians
• fewer OT references
• explanation for aramaic/ hebrew terms and customs
• mark- community in persecution
• luke- emphasis on the poor

• community is small and diverse
• jewish, gentiles, and samaritans
• turned inward

A view of Jesus

• he argues that the rational picture is absurd
• rational picture is misunderstood picture because it doesnt match reason

• his burst of anger: cursing of fig tree, get behind me satan
• lack of record of his childhood
• no infancy gospes
• lack of literary polish to the Gospels: they include infancy and other stuff but leave much out

• he was human: born, grew up, died
• his infancy narratives: matthew and luke only. 
• christmans story: merger of the story

• miraculous birth
• virginal conception
• born in bethlehem: connection to David and link to 14 generations

• hidden life because it seems ordinary. 
• he listened to his parents and grew up learning things

• limitations of human nature, he is all knowing but not all knowing on earth. he does know more than a regular human being
• he knows only what he needs to know

• true siblings: children of mary and joseph. protestant go with this because of literal translation
• half siblings: children of Joseph only and he is a widow, children of first marriage
• cousins: close relatives
• for catholics we believe NOT true siblings cuz Mary stayed virgin

• guy comes through roof and says help. sins are forgiven: ahhh. walk.
• subtle claim of divinity
• when he says "your sins are forgiven people freak out. only god can forgive sins because everything affects him and he can forgive all
• he then says okay fine and makes the guy walk

• he is who he says he is
• he is lying
• he is crazy
• only believe one

• sins are forgiven cuz no proof
• says walk and gives proof
• physical healing translate into spiritual being

• what god has united, you should not separate
• whoever divorces his wife, except unchastity, and marries another commits adultery
• consistent teachings in mt, mk, lk, and repeated in Paul
• exception clause: is debate on translation and audience cuz only found in matthew
• unlawful- forbidden marriage, before marriage happens (laviticus)
• unchastity: cheating on wife
• IN THE END: it prohibits against remarriage

• Jesus
• Messiah
• Son of God
• Lord
• Son of Man 
• I am

• joshua, but pronounced yeshua (cool name): either helps or salves depending on form
• christ: not a name but a title, we see it in public ministry

• anointed one: given to kings, prophets, priests
• look to him as royalty
• jesus tries to correct them except on palm sunday because he knows what is coming. even rides a donkey which adds to the symbolism

• we think trinity but FALSE. 
• at the time seen as king, kings are called son of God. not divine, just special relationship.

• kyrios
• kind of like a Sir (lord henry...or something. a title of respect...lord voldemort)

• most popular self identification. 
• means human being, for example in narnia is son of adam/eve
• connected to messiah and future authority
• used by jesus in trial sense
• in johns gospel it always relates to the crucifixion

• this happens when he is walking on water. 
• I am he responds: ego eimi
• self revelation of God
• also says in the arrest scene .
• before abraham was i am: bold statement

• followers of Jesus thought it was divine
• didnt know it at time, until after resurrection