-
witan
German chief's small advisory council
-
Mayor of the Palace
- had real power in kingdom
- managed palace, supervised land, distributed lan to followers
- power allowed them to build aristocracy loyal to them
-
Alcuin of York
on of the most famous scholars who taught at Charlemagne's school
-
Feudalism
- society based on obligations
- loosely organized system of gov. where local lords governed own lands but owed military service to greater lords
-
Investiture
selection and apptment of clergy by secular rulers
-
Vassal
lord who was granted land in exchange for service and loyalty to greater lord
-
Liege lord
first and foremost lord a vassal owed loyalty to
-
Canon law
Church's special body of laws
-
Simony
selling of church offices
-
-
Wergild
- man's worth
- settled fights thru bloodshed & revenge/ paying $
-
Charles Martel
- first really powerful Mayor of the Palace
- defeated Muslims in Battle of Tours
-
Donations of Peping
Papal States given to Pope by Pepin
-
Carolingian Miniscule
capital and lower case developed
-
Manorialism
Landlords and peasants' obligations to each other
-
Fief
land granted by lord to vassal in exchange for loyalty and service
-
Tenant-in-Chief
servant who manages palace for lord
-
Benedictine Rule
- Benedict came up with three rules
- 1)Obedience
- 2)Poverty
- 3)Chastity/ purity
-
Excommunication
exclusion from the Church as penalty for refusing to obey Church laws
-
Dominicans/ Franciscans
- Dominicans= monks, isolated, copied books
- Franciscans= friars, travelled, preached
-
Guild
- Merchant/ artisan groups
- passed laws and levied tax
- provided specific service
-
Franks
- united by Clovis
- converted to Christianity under Clovis
- had ties to Catholic Church
- became Germans
-
Battle of Tours
- 732- Charles Martel defeated Muslim advance to Europe
- preserved Christian Europe
-
Charlemagne
- crowned emperor of Romans by Leo III
- began calling selves Holy Roman Empire
- confirmed alliance btwn Pope and Franks
- wanted to educate people
- invited scholars to teach in his school
-
Carolingian Renaissance
- Charlemagne invited scholars to palace
- Church was corrupt and didn't do jobs well, Charlemagne tried to reform this
- different variations in languages
-
Fealty
Feudal obligation where vassal was faithful to lord
-
Demesne
all land belonging to lord
-
Serf
peasant bound to lord's land
-
papal supremacy
Pope had power over all secular rulers
-
Interdict
excommunication of entire areas
-
Agricultural Revolution
- new tech. and procedures
- three field system
- iron instead of wooden plows
- new horse harnesses
- windmills
-
Clovis
- unified Franks
- converted Franks to Christianity
- tied Franks to Catholic church
-
Pepin the Short
- ended Merovingian rule and began Carolingian rule
- sent delegation to Pope to become king
-
Missi Dominici
- travelling inspectors
- investigated officials
- listened to complaints
- published imperial edicts
- reported to emperor
-
Treaty of Verdun
Louis the Pious sons divide Charlemagne's empire
-
Homage
Ceremony where vassal pledged loyalty
-
Lord
owns vassals and gives them land for loyalty and service
-
Caesaropapism
king has more power than Pope
-
Gregory VII
- extended Clunaic reforms to entire church
- outlawed priest marriage
- stopped simony
- stopped investiture
-
Three Field System
- 1- grain
- 2- legumes
- 3- unplanted
|
|