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What is an element?
a pure substance that cannot be seperated into simplier substances by physical or simplier means
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What is a pure substance?
a substance in which there is only one type of particle
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Does an element have more than one type of particle?
No
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Name three elements
Gold, Boron, Thallium, Carbon, Hydrogen, Helium, Cobalt, Silicon, Neon, Radium, Sodium
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Does every element have similiar properties?
No, every elemetnt has unique properties
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How are elements classified?
by their properties
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Name the three major categories of elements
- metals
- metalloids
- nonmetals
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True or False?
are elements grouped into categories?
True
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Name the properties of Metals
- shiny
- good condutors of thermal and electric current
- malleable
- ductile
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Name the properties of Metalloids
- has properties of both nonmetals and metals
- somewhat shiny or dull
- somewhat malleable and ductile
- some conduct thermal and eletric current
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Name properties of Nonmetals
- dull
- poor conductors of electric and thermal current
- brittle
- unmalleable
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What is a compound?
a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined
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Name some familiar compounds
- - table salt
- - water
- - sugar
- - carbon dioxide
- - baking soda
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Do elements combine in a Definite Ratio to Form a compound?
Yes
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Are compounds random combination of elements?
NO
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How would you write the ratio for water (hyrdrogen to oxygen)
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What are the ratio of elements based upon?
their masses
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True or False
Every Compund has a unique set of properties
true
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What are an elements characteristic properties?
includes physical and chemical properties
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True or False
Does a compund have the same properties as their elements that formed it
False
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Can compounds be broken down into simplier substances?
Yes, by chemical means (chemical changes)
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How can compounds be broken down into simplier substances?
by chemical changes NOT physical changes.
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Am I made of compounds?
yes
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What are proteins?
they are compounds found in all living things
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Can compounds be formed in factories
YES
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What is a mixture?
is a combination of two or more substances that are NOT chemically combined.
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A mixture is something that is chemically combined
TRUE OR FALSE
FALSE
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Name some common techniques for separating mixtures
- Distillation- a process that seperates a mixture based on the boiling points of the componets
- magnet- can be used to seperate a mixture of the elements iron and aluminum
- centrifuge- the componets that make up blood are seperated using a machine by their desity
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Do substances in a mixture retain their identity?
YEs
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Name 3 examples of a mixture
- pizza
- granite
- iron fillinngs and sawdust
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Are compounds mixtures?
no
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What can mixtures be?
(elements, compounds, or both)
All choices given
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Are mixtures formed using a set mass ratio of components?
No, they are formed using any ratio of components.
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What is a solution?
a mixture that apperard to be a single substance.
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Define Matter
anything that has a mass and volume
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Define Atoms
- The building blocks of matter
- Made of protons and nuetrons
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Define Molecules
Two or more atoms are joined together chemically. Elements can be different or the same
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Define Compound
A molecule that has two or more different elements bonded together
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Define Heterogeneous
- Parts do not combine completely or evenly
- Example: sand and water
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Define Homogeneous
- Uniform distribution
- Example: sugar in water
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Define Mixture
- No chemical change
- Each keeps its own properties
- Can be seperated
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Define Solute
- The substance to be dissolved
- Ex: Sugar
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Define solvent
- The one doing the dissovling
- Ex: Water
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Define Colloid
particles are larger than in a solution but do not settle out
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Define Suspension
Can see the particles with naked eye and they will settle out over time
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True or False
A substance that is soluble, or able to dissolve, in the solvent
true
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True or false
A substance that is insoluble or unable to dissolve, forms a mixture that is homogeneous and therefor is not a solution
false
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Is salt water a solution?
Yes
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For salt water, what is the solvent and what is the solute?
- Water: solvent
- salt: solute
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True or False?
When two liquids or two gases form a solution, the substance with the greater volume is the solute.
False
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Are particles in a solute big?
No
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Name some examples of solutions
air, steel, soft drinks, antifreeze, saltwater, brass
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What are alloys?
are solid solutions of metals or nonmetals dissolved in metals.
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What is concertration?
a measure of the amount of solute dissolved in a solvent
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Can solutions be described as concentrated and dilute?
yES
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What is an example of a suspension?
Snow Globe, Peptobismol
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What type of mixture is a substance if it says "shake well before use"?
suspension
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Are the particles in a suspension small?
no
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How can a suspension be seperated?
By passing through a filter
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What is an example of colloid?
fruty gelatin, whipped cream
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What can be used to make colloids?
Solids liquids and gases
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Can a colloid be seperated through a process of filtration?
No, the particles are too small, unlike a suspension, they can
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What is one way of making a solute dissolve faster?
mixing, heating, crushing
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Elements that are brittle and dull are ___________.
Nonmetals
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Which of the following increases the solubility of a gas in a liquid?
a. increasing the temp
b. stirring
c. decreasing the temp
d. none of the above
A, increasing the temp
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A dilute solution will contain less solute
True or False
True
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A concentrated solution will contain more solute.
True or False
True
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