A method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them. Using numerical scores
Intelligence
A mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience; solve problems; and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
General Intelligence (g)
Spearman:
A general intelligence factor that underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence task
Factor Analysis
A statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related factors on a test; used to identify different dimensions of performance that underlie a person`s total score
Savant Syndrome
Condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill
Creativity
The ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
Emotional Intelligence
Ability to perceive, understand, manage, and use emotions
Mental Age
Binet: The level of performance typically associated with a certain chronological age
Stanford-Binet
The widely used American revision of Binet's original intelligence test
Intelligence Quotient (IQ)
Defined originally as the ratio of mental age.
(ma) to chronological age (a) multiplied by 100
IQ=ma/a x 100
Average performance for a given age is assigned to a score of 100
Achievement Tests
Test designed to assess what a person has learned
Aptitude Test
Test designed to predict a person's future performance; Aptitude is capacity to learn
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS)
Most widely used intelligence test; contains verbal and performance subtests
Standardization
Define meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested group
Normal Curve
Symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological attributes
Reliability
The extent to which a test yields consistent results
Validity
The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to be
Content Validity
The extent to which a test samples he behaviour that is of interest
Predictive Validity
The success with which a test predicts the behaviour it is designed to predict
Assessed by: computing the correlation between test scores and criterion behaviour
Mental Retardation or Intellectual Disability
A condition of limited mental ability; intelligence score of 70 or below
Down Syndrome
Condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra copy of chromosome 21
Stereotype Threat
A self-confirming concern that one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype