speech science test 3 chapter 12

What is situated at the posterior of the brain and is dedicated to the reception and processing of visual information?

Area 17 forms?

Areas 18 & 19 form?

What responds differentially to different types of visual input such as movement, color, & shape?

Is not an anotomically seperate lobe, but is made up of the medial margins of the frontal, parietal, & temporal lobes.

Comprises the limbic lobe as well as the amygdala, hippocampus, & other structures.

Is involved in emotional & sexual function, feeding behavior, & tempature regulation.

2 structures of the limbic system that are particularly important to human communication.

This is involved with learning & memory, allowing a person to form new memories & transfer them from short-term to long-term memory.

This is involved in assigning emotions to events & behaviors, plus memory building deciding what facts & events are important enough to commit to long-term memory.

Major commisural pathway linking the 2 hemispheres of the brain.

Found in the medial parts of the brain & arranged longitudinally running from the anterior to the posterior regions of the brain.

Can link areas of cortex within the same hemipshere or in adjacent areas, & can be short or long.

2 major bundle of nerve fibers that form the primary links between the cortex and other regions of the CNS.

What contains several relativley large clusters of nerve cell bodies, including the caudate, globus pallidus, putamen, & substantia nigra.

What neurotransmitter is involved with the basal nuclei?

If the basal nuclei is damaged a patient may experience.

Regulates posture, balance, background muscle tone, & coordination of muscle groups.

Contains many nuclei which process & transmit information to & from many cortical locations.

Nuclei that receive & transmit nerve impulses to & from SPECIFIC cortical areas.

Nuclei that receive & transmit to BROADER cortical areas.

Which thalmic nuclei are the most important involved in speech & hearing.

Regulates visceral and emotional behavior & is not under concious control.

The brainstem is a collective term for these 3 seperate but tightly linked structures.

What is the site of many reflexes involved in respiration, body temperature, swallowing, digestion, & origin of the cranial nerves?

What is the core of the brainstem that controls complex patterns of movement involved in breathing, cardiac function, & swallowing (AKA visceral functions)?

This controls our state of alertness & level of conciuosness & is also part of the brainstem.

A short structure consisting of the 2 cerebral peduncles & the superior & inferior colliculi.

2 masses of grey matter in the midbrain that project to the MEDIAL geniculate nucleus of the thalamus & are involved in auditory processing.

2 masses of grey matter in the midbrain that project to the LATERAL geniculate nucleus of the thalamus & are involved in visual processing. 

Midbrain is the point of origin for these 2 cranial nerves.

Located inferior to the midbrain & anterior to the cerebellum,

Acts as a bridge between the cerebellum and the rest of the nervous system.

Pons is the point of origin for these 4 cranial nerves.

Point of decussation where most nerve fibers from the motor cortex cross over & continue the oppisite side of the body.

This mediates many reflexes such as coughing, sneezing, & vomiting.

The medulla is the most inferior portion of the brainstem. T/F
True False

Medulla is the oint of origin for these 4 cranial nerves.

Located posterior to the brainstem & inferior to cerebrum.

The inferior & middle cerebellar peduncles receive.

Transmits motor information to the thalamus and ultimately the cerebral cortex.

Coordinates movements in terms of direction, force, speed, timing, & degree of displacement.

The spinal cord is divided into 5 portions.

Back of head, neck, shoulders, diaphragm, arms, hands.

Ribs, back, abdomen

Lower back, thighs, legs

Thighs, buttocks, legs, feet

These horns receive sensory information.

These horns project fibers to skeletal muscles.

SENSORY pathways in the spinal cord include.

MOTOR pathways in the spinal cord include.

Region where posterior and anterior horns meet is called.

Myelinated sensory & motor pathways bundled into large tracts are called.

Funiculi include.

All spinal nerves contain both________ & _________ fibers.

Spinal nerves enter & exit the spinal cord through.

There are 4 types of spinal nerves.

Sensory; Skin, Proprioceptors

Sensory; Digestive Tract, Respiratory System

Motor; Skeletal Muscles

Motor; Glands, Smooth Muscles, Heart

The 12 pairs of cranial nerves transmit information to & from the ______ & ______ regions.

Special Somatic Afferent (SSA) nerves transmit information from the special senses including.

Special Visceral Efferent (SSE) nerves carry motor commands to the ________ muscles, which develop from the brachial arch.

Cranial nerves can also be classified as GSA, GVA, GSE, & GVE. T/F
True False

Cranial nerves most important for speech & hearing include.

CN V, the Trigeminal is made up of 3 branches.

The GSA fibers of CN V: Trigeminal transmit information about.

The SVE fibers of CN V: Trigeminal innervate.

This is a complex nerve containing GSA, SVA, GVE, & SVE fibers.

The SVE fibers of CN VII: Facial supply nerve impulses to.

The GSA fibers of CN VII: Facial transmits sensory information from.

The SVA fibers of CN VII: Facial carries ________ information from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue.

The GVE fibers of CN VII: Facial transmit motor information to which glands?

This nerve has 2 SSA branches (vestibular & cochlear).

The vestibular fibers arise from _________ ________, _________, & _________ in the inner ear.

The vestibular fibers relay information to the CNS about.

The cochlear fibers arise from the inner hair cells in the cochlea & transmits ________ _________.

CN VIII; Vestibulocochlear also has a small SVE component with motor information from the.