thermodynamics, intermolecular forces, phase diagrams, molecular geomtry

is an attractive intermolecular force resulting from the tendency of polar molecules to align themseves such that the positice end of one molecule is near the negative end of another

dispersion can be thought of as the distibution of the electrons throught the atom or molecule. it consists of the instantaneous dipole created by unegual electron distibution throught the atom or molecule such that the chain of atoms or molecules create a weak attractive force between them

the london effect generally increases with molecular mass because there is generally a greater number of electrons in the molecule thus creating a greater magnintude for the instantaneous dipole moment. also large molecules generally imply large atoms and the dipole instantaneous dipole effect is easier to create when the electrons are further away from the nuclei